@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp18189,
            	author={Fagernäs, Sonja and Stevens, Diego de la Fuente and Pelkonen, Panu and Segura, Juan Manuel del Pozo},
            	title={Public Gains, Private Strains: Public Investment and Private Schooling in Peru},
            	year={2025},
	month={Oct},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={18189},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18189},
	abstract={In the 2010s, Peru experienced an increase in public educational investment, a substantial improvement in public school learning outcomes, and an erosion in the private sector learning premium. We use longitudinal, geo-coded register data on primary schools and pupils in urban areas to study how the improvement in public schooling affected private schools. With a difference in differences (DiD) framework, we demonstrate that the increase in public school quality reduced enrolment and test scores in private schools, primarily in areas with lower education levels. A staggered DiD analysis shows that new public school openings also reduced enrolment in nearby private schools.},
	keywords={education policy;school quality;school competition;Latin America},
            }