TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Cooper, Dylan A.
AU  - Fang, Tony
AU  - Wan, Vincent
        TI  - Employee Ownership and Promotive Voice: The Roles of Psychological Ownership and Perceived Alignment of Interests
        PY  - 2025/Jul/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18023
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp18023
        AB  - Using a National Bureau of Economic Research dataset of employees of 14 United States companies with shared capitalism practices, we compare two prominent explanations of employee ownership’s influence on pro-organizational behaviors—psychological ownership and alignment of financial interests—by testing the effects of Employee Stock Ownership Plans (ESOPs) and current profit sharing on promotive voice. We conducted a path-analysis of a moderated multiple-mediation regression model using the PROCESS macro. Our sample included 16,557 participants. We find that psychological ownership partially transmits the effects of ESOP participation and current profit sharing on promotive voice. Employee decision influence strengthens the relationship between ESOP participation and psychological ownership. Perceived alignment of interests does not mediate the relationships between employee ownership and promotive voice.
        KW  - profit sharing
KW  - employee ownership
KW  - promotive voice
KW  - psychological ownership
KW  - Employee Stock Ownership Plan
KW  - decision influence
        ER  -