@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp17386,
            	author={Campa, Pamela and Saygin, Perihan and Tumen, Semih},
            	title={Under Pressure: Electoral Competition and Women's Representation},
            	year={2024},
	month={Oct},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={17386},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp17386},
	abstract={How can women's representation improve in countries that do not embrace legislated gender quotas? We study municipal elections in Turkey during 2009-2019. A conservative dominant party, Erdogan's AKP, is often challenged by a Kurdish party that promotes gender equality in electoral lists. Exploiting within-municipality variation, we find that the Kurdish party winning leads AKP to increase its share of female candidates by 25 to 30% in the next election. Other opposition parties winning has a substantially lower impact. Our results suggest that one party empowering women can help reducing gender gaps in lists across-the-board.},
	keywords={women political representation;electoral competition},
            }