TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Bayer, Christian
AU  - Kuhn, Moritz
        TI  - Job Levels and Wages
        PY  - 2023/May/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 16177
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp16177
        AB  - Job levels summarize the complexity, autonomy, and responsibility of task execution. Conceptually, job levels are related to the organization of production, are distinct from occupations, and can be constructed from data on task execution. We highlight their empirical role in matched employer-employee data for life-cycle wage dynamics, refine a task-based view of wage determination, and demonstrate that differences in job levels account for most of the observed wage differences. We also show, within a structural framework, that a job-level perspective provides a novel and fruitful interpretation of widely studied phenomena such as the gender wage gap and the returns to education and seniority.

        KW  - job levels
KW  - wage structure
KW  - career ladder
        ER  -