@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp16051,
            	author={Marie, Olivier and Zwiers, Esmée},
            	title={Religious Barriers to Birth Control Access},
            	year={2023},
	month={Mar},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={16051},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp16051},
	abstract={This paper presents new causal evidence on the "power" of oral contraceptives in shaping women's lives, leveraging the 1970 liberalization of the Pill for minors in the Netherlands and demand- and supply-side religious preferences that affected Pill take-up. We analyze administrative data to demonstrate that, after Pill liberalization, minors from less conservative areas were more likely to delay fertility/marriage and to accumulate human capital in the long run. We then show how these large effects were eliminated for women facing a higher share of gatekeepers – general practitioners and pharmacists – who were opposed to providing the Pill on religious grounds.},
	keywords={birth control;religion;fertility;marriage;human capital;the Netherlands},
            }