TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Lepinteur, Anthony
AU  - Clark, Andrew E.
AU  - Ferrer-i-Carbonell, Ada
AU  - Piper, Alan
AU  - Schröder, Carsten
AU  - D'Ambrosio, Conchita
        TI  - Gender, Loneliness and Happiness during COVID-19
        PY  - 2022/Oct/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 15653
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp15653
        AB  - We analyse a measure of loneliness from a representative sample of German individuals interviewed in both 2017 and at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Both men and women felt lonelier during the COVID-19 pandemic than they did in 2017. The pandemic more than doubled the gender loneliness gap: women were lonelier than men in 2017, and the 2017-2020 rise in loneliness was far larger for women. This rise is mirrored in life-satisfaction scores. Men's life satisfaction changed only little between 2017 and 2020; yet that of women fell dramatically, and sufficiently so to produce a female penalty in life satisfaction. We estimate that almost all of this female penalty is explained by the disproportionate rise in loneliness for women during the COVID-19 pandemic.
        KW  - COVID-19
KW  - loneliness
KW  - life satisfaction
KW  - gender
KW  - SOEP
        ER  -