TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Robertson, Raymond
AU  - Bahena, Mexico Alberto Vergara
AU  - Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys
        TI  - Is International Trade Always Beneficial to Labor Markets? A Case Study from Egypt
        PY  - 2022/Oct/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 15626
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp15626
        AB  - Egypt's industries heavily rely on imported goods for production. Thus, an increase in imports could have a potentially positive effect on the labor market as it means more inputs for the production of exporting goods. Alternatively, minimal backward linkages in global value chains (GVCs) could also mean that increasing imports substitute for domestic production and thus, lost employment opportunities. 
This paper evaluates the relationship between regional trade agreements using a gravity model and import flows to test whether rising imports impacted wages, informality, and female labor force participation using the Bartik (1991) approach. Our results suggest that imports are not to blame for disappointing labor market outcomes in Egypt.

        KW  - imports
KW  - trade
KW  - labor market
KW  - informality
KW  - econometrics
KW  - bartik
KW  - Egypt
        ER  -