%0 Report
        %A Jirjahn, Uwe
        %T Membership in Employers' Associations and Collective Bargaining Coverage in Germany
        %D 2021
        %8 2021 Oct
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 14783
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp14783
        %X While there is a strong overlap between membership in employers' associations and collective bargaining coverage, the overlap is far from being perfect. Using unique firm-level data from Germany, this study estimates the determinants of the membership in employers' associations and the coverage by industry-level or firm-level agreements. The analysis particularly focuses on the various constellations of membership and collective bargaining status. The results show that firm-level worker representation, foreign ownership, work organization, firm size, age and East-West differences are important determinants. Altogether, the analysis demonstrates that a more differentiated picture of industrial relations can be obtained by considering both membership in employers' associations and collective bargaining coverage.
        %K works councils
%K employers’ associations
%K firm-level bargaining
%K industry-level bargaining
%K union density
%K foreign ownership