@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp14750,
            	author={Mariani, Rama Dasi and Rosati, Furio C.},
            	title={Immigrant Supply of Marketable Child Care and Native Fertility in Italy},
            	year={2021},
	month={Sep},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={14750},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp14750},
	abstract={The availability of child-care services has often been advocated as one of the instruments to counter the fertility decline observed in many high-income countries. In the recent past large inflows of low-skilled migrants have substantially increased the supply of child-care services. In this paper we examine if immigration has actually affected fertility exploiting the natural experiment occurred in Italy in 2007, when a large inflow of migrants – many of them specialized in the supply of child care – arrived unexpectedly. With a difference-in-differences method, we show that immigrant female workers have increased native births by a number that ranges roughly from 2 to 4 per cent. We validate our result by the implementation of an instrumental variable approach and several robustness tests, all concluding that the increase in the supply of child-care services by immigrant women has positively affected native fertility.},
	keywords={immigrant labour;fertility;household economics;international migration},
            }