TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Bratti, Massimiliano
AU  - Staffolani, Stefano
        TI  - Effort-Based Career Opportunities and Working Time
        PY  - 2005/Jan/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 1474
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp1474
        AB  - In this paper we describe the hypothesis of effort-based career opportunities as a situation in which profit maximizing firms create incentives for employees to work longer hours than the bargained ones, by making career prospects dependent on working hours. When effort-based career opportunities are effective, they raise working time and output per worker reducing workers’ utility. A first attempt is made to empirically estimate the relationship between hours worked and the expected opportunities of promotion using the British Household Panel Survey data set. Our analysis shows that the perceived probability of promotion increases with working time and that this result is robust to various econometric specifications.
        KW  - promotion
KW  - working time
KW  - welfare
KW  - personnel management
KW  - career
KW  - bargaining
        ER  -