%0 Report
        %A Landmann, Andreas
%A Vollan, Björn
%A Henning, Karla
%A Frölich, Markus
        %T Crowding-Out or Crowding-In? Heterogeneous Effects of Insurance on Solidarity
        %D 2020
        %8 2020 Sep
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 13688
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp13688
        %X We analyze whether the availability of formal insurance products affects informal solidarity transfers in two independent behavioral experiments in the Philippines. The first experiment allows for communication, non-anonymity and unrestricted transfers. The second experiment mimics a laboratory setting without communication and preserves anonymity, which minimizes strategic concerns. The introduction of an insurance treatment alters solidarity in both experiments. We find crowding-out effects in the first setting with strategic motives, while there are even crowding-in effects due to insurance availability in the anonymous experiment. These and additional supporting results are in line with crowding-out of strategic, but not necessarily intrinsic motives due to the availability of insurance.
        %K insurance
%K solidarity
%K crowding effects
%K lab-in-the-field experiment
%K Philippines