TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Chaudhary, Sookti
AU  - Davis, Alison
AU  - Troske, Kenneth
AU  - Troske, SuZanne
        TI  - Hospital Closures and Short-Run Change in Ambulance Call Times
        PY  - 2019/Nov/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 12797
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp12797
        AB  - We measure one aspect of how access to emergency care through ambulance services changes for patients when a hospital closes. We empirically estimate the time needed to transport a patient to an emergency department in an ambulance in the period immediately after the hospital closes. We find urban patients in zip codes where a hospital closes have a small change in transportation time, where rural patients average an estimated 15.7 additional minutes – a 46% increase compared to the year before the closure. This increase is primarily the result of an almost 100 percent increase in the time it takes to transport a patient from the location of the incident to the hospital. The impact on rural Medicare-eligible patients is even larger. We find no change in the time it takes ambulances to arrive at an incident and only a small change in the time spent at the scene. 
        KW  - ambulance
KW  - hospital closure
KW  - access to care
KW  - rural vs urban
        ER  -