%0 Report
        %A Epstein, Gil S.
%A Sansani, Shahar
        %T Immigrant Examination Behavior
        %D 2019
        %8 2019 Nov
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 12758
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp12758
        %X In this paper, we estimate differences in examination behavior between immigrants and natives, by examining differences in the propensity to forego a passing grade on a final exam in order to retake that final exam. Retaking a final exam involves some level of uncertainty, so differences in examination behavior may be due to differences in motivation, risk-taking, and discipline. We find that immigrants are about 2 percentage points more likely to retake a passed exam than natives. This represents a large difference given a baseline retake rate of about 6.5 percentage points.
        %K examination behavior
%K immigrant-native differences
%K uncertainty
%K motivation