TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Machin, Stephen
AU  - Sandi, Matteo
        TI  - Autonomous Schools and Strategic Pupil Exclusion
        PY  - 2018/Apr/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 11478
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp11478
        AB  - This paper studies whether pupil performance gains in autonomous schools in England can be attributed to the strategic exclusion of poorly performing pupils. In England there were two phases of academy school introduction, the first in the 2000s being a school improvement programme for poorly per-forming schools, the second a mass academisation programme from 2010 for better-performing schools. Overall, exclusion rates are higher in academies, with the earlier programme featuring a much higher increase in the exclusion rates. However, rather than a means of test score manipulation, the higher exclusion rate reflects the rigorous discipline enforced by the pre-2010 academies.
        KW  - academies
KW  - discipline
KW  - exclusion
        ER  -