TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Leuven, Edwin
AU  - Lindahl, Mikael
AU  - Oosterbeek, Hessel
AU  - Webbink, Dinand
        TI  - The Effect of Extra Funding for Disadvantaged Pupils on Achievement
        PY  - 2004/Apr/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 1122
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp1122
        AB  - This paper evaluates the effects of two subsidies targeted at disadvantaged pupils in the
Netherlands. The first scheme gives primary schools with at least 70 percent minority pupils
extra funding for personnel. The second scheme gives primary schools with at least 70
percent pupils from different disadvantaged groups extra funding for computers and software.
The cutoffs at 70 percent provide a regression discontinuity design which we exploit in a local
difference-in-differences framework. For both subsidies we find negative point estimates. For
the personnel subsidy these are in most cases not significantly different from zero. For the
computer subsidy we find more evidence of negative effects. We discuss several
explanations for these counterintuitive results.
        KW  - regression discontinuity
KW  - disadvantaged students
KW  - computers
KW  - policy evaluation
KW  - teachers
        ER  -