TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Heywood, John S.
AU  - Jirjahn, Uwe
AU  - Pfister, Annika
        TI  - Product Market Competition and Employer Provided Training in Germany
        PY  - 2017/Sep/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 11054
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp11054
        AB  - Using German establishment data, this paper examines the relationship between product market competition and the extent of employer provided training. We demonstrate that high product market competition is associated with increased training except when the competition is so severe as to threaten liquidation to a firm. We take this as evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship. We also make clear that while this relationship is very evident for the service sector it is largely missing for manufacturing where we confirm earlier results of no relationship.
        KW  - competition
KW  - employer provided training
KW  - manufacturing
KW  - services
        ER  -