%0 Report
        %A Gonzalez, Paula
%A Montes-Rojas, Gabriel V.
%A Pal, Sarmistha
        %T Dual Practice by Health Workers: Theory and Evidence from Indonesia
        %D 2017
        %8 2017 Sep
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 11038
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp11038
        %X Using a simple theoretical model we conjecture that dual practice may increase the number of patients seen but reduce hours spent at public facilities, if public physicians lack motivation and/or if their opportunity costs are very large. Using data from Indonesia, we then test these theoretical conjectures. Our identification strategy relies on a 1997 legislation necessitating health professionals to apply for license for private practice only after three years of graduation. Results using a difference-in-difference regression discontinuity design provides support to our conjectures, identifying the role of weak work discipline, lack of motivation and opportunity costs of public service provision.
        %K motivation
%K weak monitoring
%K Ministry of Health Regulation
%K dual practice of health professionals
%K opportunity costs of public service
%K Indonesia