%0 Report
        %A Akbulut-Yuksel, Mevlude
%A Khamis, Melanie
%A Yuksel, Mutlu
        %T Women Make Houses, Women Make Homes
        %D 2017
        %8 2017 Jun
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 10830
        %U https://www.iza.org/publications/dp10830
        %X This paper examines the persistent effects of historical labor market institutions and policies on women's long-term labor market outcomes. We quantify these enduring effects by exploring quasi-experimental variation in Germany's post-World War II mandatory reconstruction policy, which compelled women to work in the rubble removal and reconstruction process. 
Using difference-in-differences and instrumental variable approaches, we find that mandatory employment during the postwar era generated persistent adverse effects on women's long-term labor market outcomes. An increase in marriage and fertility rates in the postwar era and a physical and mental exhaustion associated with manual labor are some of the direct and indirect channels potentially explaining our results.
        %K female labor supply
%K historical institutions
%K occupational choice