@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp10688,
            	author={Cai, Zhengyu and Winters, John V.},
            	title={Self-Employment Differentials among Foreign-Born STEM and Non-STEM Workers},
            	year={2017},
	month={Apr},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={10688},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp10688},
	abstract={This paper uses the American Community Survey to examine the previously overlooked fact that foreign STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) graduates have much lower self-employment rates than their non-STEM counterparts, with an unconditional difference of 3.3 percentage points. We find empirical support for differing earnings opportunities as a partial explanation for this self-employment gap. High wages in STEM paid-employment combined with reduced earnings in self-employment make self-employment less desirable for STEM graduates. High self-employment rates among other foreign-born workers partially reflect weak paid-employment opportunities. Public policy should encourage efficient use of worker skills rather than low-value business venture creation.
},
	keywords={self-employment;immigration;foreign-born;college major;STEM;earnings},
            }