TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Bratsberg, Bernt
AU  - Raaum, Oddbjørn
AU  - Røed, Knut
        TI  - Immigrant Labor Market Integration across Admission Classes
        PY  - 2017/Jan/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 10513
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp10513
        AB  - We examine patterns of labor market integration across immigrant groups. The study draws on Norwegian longitudinal administrative data covering labor earnings and social insurance claims over a 25-year period and presents a comprehensive picture of immigrant-native employment and social insurance differentials by admission class and by years since entry. For refugees and family immigrants from low-income source countries, we uncover encouraging signs of labor market integration during an initial period upon admission, but after just 5-10 years, the integration process goes into reverse with widening immigrant-native employment differentials and rising rates of immigrant social insurance dependency. Yet, the analysis reveals substantial heterogeneity within admission class and points to an important role of host-country schooling for successful immigrant labor market integration.
        KW  - migration
KW  - refugees
KW  - assimilation
KW  - social insurance
        ER  -