@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp10435,
            	author={Bryson, Alex and Dale-Olsen, Harald and Nergaard, Kristine},
            	title={Gender Differences in the Union Wage Premium? A Comparative Case Study},
            	year={2016},
	month={Dec},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={10435},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/publications/dp10435},
	abstract={Trade unions have transformed from male-dominated organisations rooted in manufacturing to majority-female organisations serving predominantly white-collar workers, often in the public sector. Adopting a comparative case study approach using nationally representative linked employer-employee surveys for Norway and Britain we examine whether, in keeping with a median voter model, the gender shift in union membership has resulted in differential wage returns to unionisation among men and women. In Britain, while only women receive a union wage premium, only men benefit from the increased bargaining power of their union as indicated by workplace union density.
In Norway, on the other hand, although a union wage premium arises from individual union membership for men and women in male-dominated unions, in workplaces where the union is female-dominated women benefit more than men from the increased bargaining power of the union as union density rises. The findings suggest British unions continue to adopt a paternalistic attitude to representing their membership, in contrast to their more progressive counterparts in Norway.},
	keywords={wage premium;trade unions;collective bargaining;union density;gender},
            }