TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Banerjee, Ritwik
AU  - Gupta, Nabanita Datta
AU  - Villeval, Marie Claire
        TI  - The Spillover Effects of Affirmative Action on Competitiveness and Unethical Behavior
        PY  - 2016/Nov/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 10394
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/publications/dp10394
        AB  - We conduct an artefactual field experiment to examine various spillover effects of Affirmative Action policies in the context of castes in India. We test a) if individuals who compete in the presence of Affirmative Action policies remain competitive in the same proportion after the policy has been removed, and b) whether having been exposed to the policy generates unethical behavior and spite against subjects from the category who has benefited from the policy. We find that these policies increase substantially the confidence of the lower caste members and motivate them to choose significantly more frequently a tournament payment scheme. However, we find no spillover effect on confidence and competitiveness once Affirmative Action is withdrawn: any lower caste's gain in competitiveness due to the policy is then entirely wiped out. Furthermore, the strong existing bias of the dominant caste against the lower caste is not significantly aggravated by Affirmative Action.
        KW  - unethical behavior
KW  - competitiveness
KW  - castes
KW  - affirmative action
KW  - field experiment
        ER  -