Dirk Sliwka

Research Fellow

University of Cologne

External Homepage CV

Research Interests

Dirk Sliwka studied economics at the University of Bonn and the École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (Ensae) in Paris. He received his degree as Diplom-Volkswirt in 1995. He was a student in the European Doctoral Programme in Quantitative Economics at the University of Bonn and the London School of Economics and received his Ph.D. in 1999 from the University of Bonn for his doctoral dissertation entitled "On Incentives and the Decentralization of Decisions in Organizations“. Dirk Sliwka has worked as a consultant for SAP (1999-2000) and as an Assistant Professor at the University of Bonn (2000-2003). In June 2003 he completed his post-doctoral Habilitation entitled "Performance Measurement, Responsibility, and Incentives" at the University of Bonn and is since 2004 Professor of Personnel Economics and Human Resource Management at the University of Cologne.

He has published for instance in the American Economic Review, Management Science, Journal of Labor Econonomics, Labour Economics, Journal of Economics and Management Strategy.

His research interests include Personnel Economics and Human Resource Management, Labor Economics, the Economics of Organization and Behavioural Economics.

He joined IZA as a Research Fellow in July 2003.

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IZA Publications

IZA Discussion Paper No. 16812
Multi-Rater Performance Evaluations and Incentives
Axel Ockenfels, Dirk Sliwka, Peter Werner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16278
Closing the Gender Gap in Salary Increases: Evidence from a Field Experiment on Promoting Pay Equity
Jakob Alfitian, Marvin Deversi, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15956
Works Councils as Gatekeepers: Codetermination, Monitoring Practices, and Job Satisfaction
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka, Krystina Titz
published in: Labour Economics, 2024, 90, 102563
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15496
Social Preferences and Rating Biases in Subjective Performance Evaluations
David Kusterer, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14199
Information Provision, Incentives, and Attention: A Field Experiment on Facilitating and Influencing Managers' Decisions
Kathrin Manthei, Dirk Sliwka, Timo Vogelsang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13624
Employee Identification and Wages: On the Economics of 'Affective Commitment'
Patrick Kampkötter, Lea Petters, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2021, 188, 608-626
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12670
Works Councils and Performance Appraisals
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka, Krystina Titz
published in: Journal of Participation & Employee Ownership, 2020, 3, 29-50
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12667
Paying Gig Workers – Evidence from a Field Experiment
Sebastian Butschek, Roberto González Amor, Patrick Kampkötter, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12446
Talking about Performance or Paying for it? Evidence from a Field Experiment
Kathrin Manthei, Dirk Sliwka, Timo Vogelsang
published as 'Talking About Performance or Paying for It? A Field Experiment on Performance Reviews and Incentives' in: Management Science, 2023, 69 (4), 2198-2216
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11859
Performance Pay and Prior Learning: Evidence from a Retail Chain
Kathrin Manthei, Dirk Sliwka, Timo Vogelsang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11789
Prosocial Managers, Employee Motivation, and the Creation of Shareholder Value
Agne Kajackaite, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2020, 172, 217-235
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11581
Multitasking and Subjective Performance Evaluations: Theory and Evidence from a Field Experiment in a Bank
Kathrin Manthei, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Management Science, 2019, 65 (12), 5449-5956
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11327
Confidence in Knowledge or Confidence in the Ability to Learn: An Experiment on the Causal Effects of Beliefs on Motivation
Mira Fischer, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Games and Economic Behavior, 2018, 111, 122-142.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9855
How Do Agents React to Dynamic Wage Increases? An Experimental Study
Dirk Sliwka, Peter Werner
revised version published as 'Wage Increases and the Dynamics of Reciprocity' in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2017, 35 (2), 299-344
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9285
The Complementary Use of Experiments and Field Data to Evaluate Management Practices: The Case of Subjective Performance Evaluations
Patrick Kampkötter, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 2016, 172 (2), 364-389
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8560
The Contribution of Managers to Organizational Success: Evidence from German Soccer
Sandra Hentschel, Gerd Muehlheusser, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Sports Economics, 2018, 19(6), 786-819
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7477
Can Contracts Signal Social Norms? Experimental Evidence
Anastasia Danilov, Dirk Sliwka
revised version published in: Management Science, 2017, 63 (2), 459–476
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6884
The Impact of Managerial Change on Performance: The Role of Team Heterogeneity
Sandra Hentschel, Gerd Muehlheusser, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Economic Inquiry 54(2), 1128-119, 2016
IZA Discussion Paper No. 6070
Differentiation and Performance: An Empirical Investigation on the Incentive Effects of Bonus Plans
Patrick Kampkötter, Dirk Sliwka
revised version published as 'More Dispersion, Higher Bonuses?-The Role of Differentiation in Subjective Performance Evaluations' in: Journal of Labor Economics, 2018, 36 (2), 511–549
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5618
Incentives and Cooperation in Firms: Field Evidence
Johannes Berger, Claus Herbertz, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5543
Managerial Incentives and Favoritism in Promotion Decisions: Theory and Field Evidence
Johannes Berger, Claus Herbertz, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5538
Wage Premia for Newly Hired Employees: Theory and Evidence
Patrick Kampkötter, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Labour Economics, 2014, 31, 45–60
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5514
Inequality, Inequity Aversion, and the Provision of Public Goods
Felix Kölle, Dirk Sliwka, Nannan Zhou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5330
Universities as Stakeholders in their Students' Careers: On the Benefits of Graduate Taxes to Finance Higher Education
Tom McKenzie, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 2011, 167 (4), 726-742
IZA Discussion Paper No. 5020
Performance Appraisals and the Impact of Forced Distribution: An Experimental Investigation
Johannes Berger, Christine Harbring, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Management Science, 2013, 59 (1), 54-68
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4913
Social Ties and Subjective Performance Evaluations: An Empirical Investigation
Kathrin Breuer, Petra Nieken, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Review of Managerial Science, 2013, 7 (2), 141-157
IZA Discussion Paper No. 4795
Bonus Payments and Reference Point Violations
Axel Ockenfels, Dirk Sliwka, Peter Werner
published in: Management Science, 2015, 61 (7), 1496-1513
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3400
Risk-Taking Tournaments: Theory and Experimental Evidence
Petra Nieken, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Economic Psychology, 2010, 31 (3), 254-268
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3281
Transparency, Inequity Aversion, and the Dynamics of Peer Pressure in Teams: Theory and Evidence
Alwine Mohnen, Kathrin Pokorny, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Labor Economics, 26 (4), 2008, 693 - 720
IZA Discussion Paper No. 3017
Individual and Job-Based Determinants of Performance Appraisal: Evidence from Germany
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka
published as "The Anatomy of Performance Appraisals in Germany" in: International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2009, 20 (10), 2049-2065
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2293
Trust as a Signal of a Social Norm and the Hidden Costs of Incentive Schemes
Dirk Sliwka
published in: American Economic Review, 2007, 97 (3), 999-1012
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2054
Should You Allow Your Agent to Become Your Competitor? On Non-Compete Agreements in Employment Contracts
Matthias Kräkel, Dirk Sliwka
published in: International Economic Review, 2009, 50(1), 117-141
IZA Discussion Paper No. 2012
Performance Pay and Risk Aversion
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka
revised version published as "Evidence on Performance Pay and Risk Aversion" in: Economics Letters, 2010, 106 (1), 8-11
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1879
Reference Dependent Preferences and the Impact of Wage Increases on Job Satisfaction: Theory and Evidence
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 2007, 163 (2), 313-335
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1758
Incentives, Decision Frames, and Motivation Crowding Out – An Experimental Investigation
Bernd Irlenbusch, Dirk Sliwka
IZA Discussion Paper No. 1423
On the Notion of Responsibility in Organizations
Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 2006, 22(2), 523-547
IZA Discussion Paper No. 887
Transparency and Reciprocal Behavior
Bernd Irlenbusch, Dirk Sliwka
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2005, 56 (3), 383-403
IZA Discussion Paper No. 856
Management Incentives, Signaling Effects and the Costs of Vertical Integration
Dirk Sliwka
published in: Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft, 2004, 74 (1), 27-52
IZA Discussion Paper No. 855
Career Concerns in a Simple Experimental Labour Market
Bernd Irlenbusch, Dirk Sliwka
published in: European Economic Review, 2006, 50 (1), 147-170
IZA Discussion Paper No. 844
On the Hidden Costs of Incentive Schemes
Dirk Sliwka
revised version published as IZA DP 2293 and in: American Economic Review, 2007, 97 (3), 999 - 1012
IZA Discussion Paper No. 647
Envy and Compassion in Tournaments
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka
revised version published in: Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 2005, 14 (1), 187-207
IZA Discussion Paper No. 387
The Impact of Wage Increases on Job Satisfaction - Empirical Evidence and Theoretical Implications
Christian Grund, Dirk Sliwka
completely revised version published as IZA DP No. 1879
IZA World of Labor Article
Bonuses and performance evaluations
Dirk Sliwka
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