@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp9897,
            	author={Catalini, Christian and Fons-Rosen, Christian and Gaule, Patrick},
            	title={Did Cheaper Flights Change the Direction of Science?},
            	year={2016},
	month={Apr},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={9897},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp9897},
	abstract={We test how a reduction in travel cost affects the rate and direction of scientific research. Using a fine-grained, scientist-level dataset within chemistry (1991-2012), we find that after Southwest Airlines enters a new route, scientific collaboration increases by 50%, an effect that is magnified when weighting output by quality. The benefits from the lower fares, however, are not uniform across scientist types: younger scientists and scientists that are more productive than their local peers respond the most. Thus, cheaper flights, by reducing frictions otherwise induced by geography and allowing for additional face-to-face interactions, seem to enable better matches over distance.},
	keywords={temporary co-location;air travel;scientific collaboration;face-to-face meetings},
            }