@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp9691,
            	author={Dobbelaere, Sabien and Luttens, Roland Iwan},
            	title={Gradual Collective Wage Bargaining},
            	year={2016},
	month={Jan},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={9691},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp9691},
	abstract={This paper presents an alternative implementation of firm-level collective wage bargaining, where bargaining proceeds as a finite sequence of sessions between a firm and a union of variable size. We investigate the impact of such a 'gradual' union on the wage-employment contract in an economy with concave production. In a static framework, the resulting equilibrium is equivalent to the efficient bargaining outcome. In a dynamic framework with search frictions, we demonstrate that gradual collective wage bargaining coincides with all-or-nothing bargaining when bargaining takes place in fictitious time before production.},
	keywords={firm;gradual union;collective bargaining;search frictions;employment-at-will},
            }