@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp9497,
            	author={Slotwinski, Michaela and Stutzer, Alois},
            	title={The Deterrent Effect of Voting Against Minarets: Identity Utility and Foreigners' Location Choice},
            	year={2015},
	month={Nov},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={9497},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp9497},
	abstract={This paper uses the vote on the Swiss minaret initiative as a natural experiment to identify the causal effect of negative attitudes towards immigrants on foreigners' location choices and thus indirectly on their utility. Based on a regression discontinuity design with unknown discontinuity points and administrative data on the population of foreigners, we find that the probability of their moving to a municipality that unexpectedly expressed strong reservations decreases initially by about 60 percent. The effect levels off over a period of about 5 months. Consistent with a reduction in the identity utility for immigrants in general, the reaction is not confined to Muslims, whereby high-skilled foreigners seem to be most sensitive to the newly revealed reservations.},
	keywords={attitudes;foreigners;identity utility;location choice;RDD},
            }