@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp9309,
            	author={Nejad, Maryam Naghsh and Young, Andrew T.},
            	title={Want Freedom, Will Travel: Emigrant Self-Selection According to Institutional Quality},
            	year={2015},
	month={Aug},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={9309},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp9309},
	abstract={We investigate emigrant self-selection according to institutional quality using up to 3,566 observations on bilateral migration flows from 77 countries over the 1990-2000 period. We relate these flows to differences in political and economic institutions. We improve and expand upon previous studies by (i) examining decade-long migration flows that (ii) include flows not only to OECD countries but also to non-OECD countries; also (iii) utilizing an estimation method that takes into account the information in zero value migration flows and (iv) examining not only total migration flows but also college-educated and non-college educated subsamples separately.
We find that economic freedoms are a significant pull factor for potential migrants. Once economic freedoms are controlled for, measures of political institutions do not enter significantly into our estimations. Results are similar for college- and non-college-educated subsamples. Improvements in legal systems and property rights appear to be the strongest pull factor for potential migrants.},
	keywords={institutions;democracy;economic freedom;emigration;brain drain},
            }