@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp7993, author={Daysal, N. Meltem and Orsini, Chiara}, title={The Miracle Drugs: Hormone Replacement Therapy and Labor Market Behavior of Middle-Aged Women}, year={2014}, month={Feb}, institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)}, address={Bonn}, type={IZA Discussion Paper}, number={7993}, url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp7993}, abstract={In an aging society, determining which factors contribute to the employment of older individuals is increasingly important. We examine the impact of medical innovations on the employment of middle-aged women focusing on the specific case of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), a common treatment for the alleviation of negative menopausal symptoms. HRT medications were among the most popular prescriptions in the United States until 2002 when the Women's Health Initiative Study – the largest randomized control trial on women ever undertaken – documented the health risks associated with their long term use. We exploit the release of these findings within a Fixed Effect Instrumental Variable framework to address the endogeneity in HRT use. Our results indicate substantial benefits of HRT use to the short-term employment of middle-aged women.}, keywords={employment;pharmaceutical treatments;Hormone Replacement Therapy}, }