@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp7841,
            	author={Miranda, Alfonso and Zhu, Yu},
            	title={The Causal Effect of Deficiency at English on Female Immigrants' Labor Market Outcomes in the UK},
            	year={2013},
	month={Dec},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={7841},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp7841},
	abstract={We investigate the extent to which deficiency at English as measured by English as Additional Language (EAL), contribute to the immigrant-native wage gap for female employees in the UK, controlling for covariates. To deal with the endogeneity of EAL and a substantial problem of self-selection into employment we suggest a 3-step estimator (TSE). The properties of this estimator are investigated in a Monte Carlo simulation study and we show evidence that TSE delivers a consistent and asymptotically normal estimator. We find a large and statistically significant causal effect of EAL on the immigrant-native wage gap for women.},
	keywords={endogenous treatment;immigrant-native wage gap;English as Additional Language (EAL);sample selection},
            }