TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Binzel, Christine
        TI  - Decline in Social Mobility: Unfulfilled Aspirations among Egypt's Educated Youth
        PY  - 2011/Nov/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 6139
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp6139
        AB  - This paper studies how the gradual suspension of an employment guarantee scheme for secondary and post-secondary graduates has affected intergenerational mobility across well-educated cohorts in Egypt. The empirical results support suggestive evidence in the Middle East of a decline in social mobility among the increasingly well-educated youth. The results further indicate that unequal opportunities are due to difficulties in attaining high-level occupations in the formal private sector for graduates from a lower socio-economic background, and that personal connections may play a decisive role. Thus, aside from credit market imperfections, labor market constraints may be important in explaining low social mobility.
        KW  - intergenerational mobility
KW  - Islamic revival
KW  - schooling
KW  - labor market
        ER  -