@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp5856,
            	author={Bertocchi, Graziella},
            	title={Growth, Colonization, and Institutional Development: In and Out of Africa},
            	year={2011},
	month={Jul},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={5856},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp5856},
	abstract={This essay investigates the determinants of the growth performance of Africa. I start by illustrating a broader research agenda which accounts not only for basic economic and demographic factors, but also for the role of history and institutional development. After reporting results from standard growth regressions, I analyze the role of Africa’s peculiar history, which has been marked by its colonization experience. Next I discuss the potential growth impact of state fragility, a concept which reflects multiple facets of the dysfunctions that plague the continent. The last topic I address is the influence, in and out of Africa, of the slave trades. The essay ends with critical conclusions and suggestions for further research.},
	keywords={state fragility;institutions;colonization;history;Africa;growth;slavery},
            }