TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Attali, Yigal
AU  - Neeman, Zvika
AU  - Schlosser, Analia
        TI  - Rise to the Challenge or Not Give a Damn: Differential Performance in High vs. Low Stakes Tests
        PY  - 2011/May/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 5693
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp5693
        AB  - This paper studies how different demographic groups respond to incentives by comparing performance in the GRE examination in "high" and "low" stakes situations. The high stakes situation is the real GRE examination and the low stakes situation is a voluntary experimental section of the GRE that examinees were invited to take immediately after they finished the real GRE exam. We show that males exhibit a larger difference in performance between the high and low stakes examinations than females, and that Whites exhibit a larger difference in performance between the high and low stakes examinations relative to Asians, Blacks, and Hispanics. We find that the larger differential performance between high and low stakes tests among men and whites can be partially explained by the lower level of effort invested by these groups in the low stake test.
        KW  - high stakes
KW  - GRE
KW  - incentives
KW  - competition
KW  - gender
KW  - low stakes
KW  - test score gap
        ER  -