@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp5663, author={Cigno, Alessandro}, title={How to Deal with Covert Child Labour, and Give Children an Effective Education, in a Poor Developing Country}, year={2011}, month={Apr}, institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)}, address={Bonn}, type={IZA Discussion Paper}, number={5663}, url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp5663}, abstract={As credit and insurance markets are imperfect, and given that intra-family transfers, and the way a child uses her time outside school hours, are private information, the second-best policy makes school enrollment compulsory, forces overt child labour below its efficient level (if positive), and uses a combination of need and merit based grants, financed by earmarked taxes, to relax credit constraints, redistribute and insure. Existing conditional cash transfer schemes can be made to approximate the second-best policy by incorporating these principles in some measure.}, keywords={optimal taxation;moral hazard;uncertainty;education;child labour}, }