TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Kranenburg, Hans van
AU  - Palm, Franz C.
AU  - Pfann, Gerard A.
        TI  - Survival in a Concentrating Industry: The Case of Daily Newspapers in the Netherlands
        PY  - 2002/Sep/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 565
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp565
        AB  - This paper studies the effects of aggregate, industry-, and firm-specific factors on the exit
hazard rates in the market for daily newspapers in The Netherlands from 1950 to 1996. We
present a brief overview of the exit literature. On the basis of the existing empirical evidence,
we decided to specify and estimate exponential and piecewise constant hazard rate models.
We find that exit hazards of daily newspapers depend on the circulation size, ownership, and
number of incumbents. Moreover, the effects are time-dependent. We do not find any
significant effect of macroeconomic factors.

        KW  - newspapers
KW  - scale economies
KW  - survival chances
KW  - concentrating industry
        ER  -