TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Leuven, Edwin
AU  - Lindahl, Mikael
AU  - Oosterbeek, Hessel
AU  - Webbink, Dinand
        TI  - Expanding Schooling Opportunities for 4-Year-Olds
        PY  - 2006/Nov/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 2434
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp2434
        AB  - This study presents quasi-experimental estimates of the effect of expanding early schooling enrollment possibilities on early achievement. It exploits two features of the school system in Holland. The first is rolling admissions; children are allowed start school immediately after their 4th birthday instead of at the beginning of the school year. The second is that children having their birthday before, during and after the summer holiday are placed in the same class. These features generate sufficient exogenous variation in children’s maximum length of schooling to identify its effects on test scores. Making available one additional month of time in school increases language scores of disadvantaged pupils by 0.06 of a standard deviation and their math scores by 0.05 of a standard deviation. For non-disadvantaged pupils we find no effect.
        KW  - achievement
KW  - early test scores
KW  - early schooling
KW  - early childhood intervention
KW  - policy
KW  - identification
        ER  -