TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Liu, Jing
AU  - Sweet, Tracy
AU  - Chen, Marty Haoyuan
AU  - Engelberg, Jonathan
AU  - Masters, Megan C.
AU  - Clark, Martyn
AU  - Persaud, Axel
AU  - Lancaster, Alia
AU  - Hollingsworth, Jeffrey K.
AU  - Rice, Jennifer King
        TI  - The Effects of Course-Integrated AI Tutoring on Student Performance and Engagement: A Randomized University Trial
        PY  - 2026/Oct/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 18989
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp18989
        AB  - We evaluate access to a course-integrated generative AI (GenAI) tutor in a randomized controlled trial involving 2,379 undergraduate students and 30 instructors across multiple disciplines in a large U.S. public university. Among sections of the same course, tutor access reduced final grades by 0.37 standard deviations and learning management system participation by 0.90 standard deviations. Participation declines were similarly large in the full sample, and estimated academic losses were greater among first-generation students. These findings suggest that introducing an AI tutor may displace engagement with existing learning activities without improving academic performance, with potentially differential impact across student groups.
        KW  - generative AI
KW  - higher education
KW  - AI tutoring
KW  - randomized controlled trial
KW  - academic performance
KW  - student engagement
        ER  -