%0 Report
        %A Gries, Thomas
%A Naudé, Wim
        %T Economics for a Safe Operating Space: A Green-Growth-Degrowth Model
        %D 2025
        %8 2025 Sep
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 18110
        %U https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp18110
        %X We present a model of economic growth that bridges Green Growth and Degrowth perspectives. The model demonstrates that a minimum physical per capita consumption level can be maintained without recourse to tech-optimism, and moreover with degrowth in material resource throughput - respecting planetary boundaries. We critically discuss the assumptions necessary for this result, explore relaxing these, and illustrate that eventually a full transition to renewable energy and materials will be needed to sustain consumption levels in a post-growth economy. We identify areas for future growth modelling, emphasising that these require genuine interdisciplinary cooperation.
        %K post-growth
%K degrowth
%K economic growth
%K green growth
%K sustainability