@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp17810,
            	author={Fang, Tony and Gunderson, Morley and Hartley, John},
            	title={Do Top Executive’s Immigration Status and Management Perception of Multiculturalism Matter?},
            	year={2025},
	month={Mar},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={17810},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp17810},
	abstract={Using data from a largely representative survey of 801 Atlantic Canadian employers, this paper conducts regression analyses to test associations between two diversity variables and five objective and subjective measures of firm performance: revenue change and employment change in the previous three years, projected revenue change and employment change over the next three years and projected provincial economic growth/decline over the next three years. We find that firms with an immigrant CEO and/or owner are more likely to forecast revenue growth, report recent employment growth, and forecast provincial economic growth. Employers who believe that a multicultural workforce enhances creativity are more likely to report recent employment growth and more likely to forecast provincial economic growth in the medium-term. This is consistent with most national studies, which tend to show immigrant-owned companies are more likely to create jobs and firm growth (Picot and Ostrovsky, 2021).},
	keywords={employer survey;immigrant-owned businesses;management diversity;multiculturalism;organizational performance;Atlantic Canada},
            }