TY  - RPRT
        AU  - Cygan-Rehm, Kamila
        TI  - Lifetime Consequences of Lost Instructional Time in the Classroom: Evidence from Shortened School Years
        PY  - 2024/Aug/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 17253
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp17253
        AB  - This study estimates the lifetime effects of lost classroom instruction on labor market performance. For identification, I use historical shifts in the school year schedule in Germany, which substantially shortened the duration of the affected school years without adjusting the core curriculum. The loss of classroom instruction was mainly compensated for by assigning additional homework. Applying a difference-in-differences design to social security records, I find adverse effects of the policy on earnings and employment over almost the entire occupational career. Plausible mechanisms behind the deteriorated labor market outcomes include unfavorable effects on human capital and a differential occupational sorting.
        KW  - skills
KW  - earnings
KW  - education
KW  - instructional time
KW  - Germany
        ER  -