TY  - RPRT
        AU  - FitzRoy, Felix
AU  - Kraft, Kornelius
        TI  - Co-Determination, Efficiency, and Productivity
        PY  - 2004/Dec/
        PB  - Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        CY  - Bonn
        T2  - IZA Discussion Paper
        IS  - 1442
        UR  - https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp1442
        AB  - We present the first panel estimates of the productivity effects of the unique German institution of parity, board-level co-determination. Although our data span two severe recessions when labour hoarding costs of co-determination are probably highest, and the panel is too short to capture the likely long run benefits in terms of human capital formation and job satisfaction, we find positive productivity effects of the 1976 extension to parity co-determination in large firms.
        KW  - co-determination
KW  - employee involvement
KW  - productivity
        ER  -