@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp13789,
            	author={Sauermann, Jan and Stenberg, Anders},
            	title={Assessing Selection Bias in Non-Experimental Estimates of the Returns to Workplace Training},
            	year={2020},
	month={Oct},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={13789},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp13789},
	abstract={We assess selection bias in estimated returns to workplace training by exploiting a field experiment with random assignment of workers to a one-week training program. We compare experimental estimates of this program with non-experimental estimates that are estimated by using a sample of agents who were selected by management not to participate in the experiment. Our results show that non-experimental estimates are biased, yielding returns about twice as large as the causal effect. When controlling for pre-treatment performance or individual fixed effects, only about one tenth of this bias remains and is even further reduced when applying common support restrictions.},
	keywords={selection bias;returns to training;field experiment},
            }