@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp12869,
            	author={Garcia, Thomas and Massoni, Sebastien and Villeval, Marie Claire},
            	title={Ambiguity and Excuse-Driven Behavior in Charitable Giving},
            	year={2019},
	month={Dec},
            	institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)},
            	address={Bonn},
            	type={IZA Discussion Paper},
            	number={12869},
            	url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp12869},
	abstract={A donation may have ambiguous costs or ambiguous benefits. Behavior in a laboratory experiment suggests that individuals use this ambiguity strategically as a moral wiggle room to act less generously without feeling guilty. Such excuse-driven behavior is more pronounced when the costs of a donation – rather than its benefits – are ambiguous. However, the importance of excuse-driven behavior is comparable under ambiguity and under risk. Individuals exploit any type of uncertainty as an excuse not to give, regardless of the nature of this uncertainty.},
	keywords={ambiguity;excuse-driven behavior;social preferences;charitable giving;experiment},
            }