@TechReport{iza:izadps:dp10830, author={Akbulut-Yuksel, Mevlude and Khamis, Melanie and Yuksel, Mutlu}, title={Women Make Houses, Women Make Homes}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, institution={Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)}, address={Bonn}, type={IZA Discussion Paper}, number={10830}, url={https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp10830}, abstract={This paper examines the persistent effects of historical labor market institutions and policies on women's long-term labor market outcomes. We quantify these enduring effects by exploring quasi-experimental variation in Germany's post-World War II mandatory reconstruction policy, which compelled women to work in the rubble removal and reconstruction process. Using difference-in-differences and instrumental variable approaches, we find that mandatory employment during the postwar era generated persistent adverse effects on women's long-term labor market outcomes. An increase in marriage and fertility rates in the postwar era and a physical and mental exhaustion associated with manual labor are some of the direct and indirect channels potentially explaining our results.}, keywords={female labor supply;historical institutions;occupational choice}, }