%0 Report
        %A Barbieri, Laura
%A Piva, Mariacristina
%A Vivarelli, Marco
        %T R&D, Embodied Technological Change and Employment: Evidence from Italian Microdata
        %D 2016
        %8 2016 Nov
        %I Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)
        %C Bonn
        %7 IZA Discussion Paper
        %N 10354
        %U https://www.iza.org/index.php/publications/dp10354
        %X This paper explores the employment impact of innovation activity, taking into account both R&D expenditures and embodied technological change (ETC). We use a novel panel dataset covering 265 innovative Italian firms over the period 1998-2010. The main outcome from the proposed fixed effect estimations is a labor-friendly nature of total innovation expenditures; however, this positive effect is barely significant when the sole in-house R&D expenditures are considered and fades away when ETC is included as a proxy for innovation activities. Moreover, the positive employment impacts of innovation activities and R&D expenditures are totally due to firms operating in high-tech industries and large companies, while no job-creation due to technical change is detectable in traditional sectors and SMEs.
        %K technology
%K innovation
%K R&D
%K embodied technological change
%K employment