The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising over 14,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics. 

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169 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15192
Who Increases Emergency Department Use? New Insights from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment
Augustine Denteh, Helge Liebert
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15154
Sources of Wage Growth
Jérôme Adda, Christian Dustmann
forthcoming in: Journal of Political Economy, 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15141
The Making of Civic Virtues: A School-Based Experiment in Three Countries
Simon Briole, Marc Gurgand, Eric Maurin, Sandra McNally, Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela, Daniel Santín
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14984
School Closures and Effective In-Person Learning during COVID-19: When, Where, and for Whom
Andre Kurmann, Etienne Lalé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14944
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Labor Markets in Developing Countries: A New Method with an Illustration for Lao PDR and Viet Nam
Francesco Carbonero, Jeremy Davies, Ekkehard Ernst, Frank M. Fossen, Daniel Samaan, Alina Sorgner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14925
Model-Based Recursive Partitioning to Estimate Unfair Health Inequalities in the United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study
Paolo Brunori, Apostolos Davillas, Andrew M. Jones, Giovanna Scarchilli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14910
Bringing Underprivileged Middle-School Students to the Opera: Cultural Mobility or Cultural Compliance?
Philippe Coulangeon, Denis Fougère
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14904
E-Learning Engagement Gap during School Closures: Differences by Academic Performance
Josep Amer-Mestre, Alaitz Ayarza-Astigarraga, Marta C Lopes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14900
Green Infrastructure and Air Pollution: Evidence from Highways Connecting Two Megacities in China
Bo Yu, Trang Tran, Wang-Sheng Lee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14792
Education Quality, Green Technology, and the Economic Impact of Carbon Pricing
Kevin Macdonald, Harry A. Patrinos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14785
The COVID-19 Pandemic and School Closure: Learning Loss in Mathematics in Primary Education
Dalit Contini, Maria Laura Di Tommaso, Caterina Muratori, Daniela Piazzalunga, Lucia Schiavon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14744
Learning-by-Doing and Productivity Growth among High-Skilled Workers: Evidence from the Treatment of Heart Attacks
Petter Lundborg, Stefan James, Bo Lagerqvist, Johan Vikström
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14689
The Roots of Inequality: Estimating Inequality of Opportunity from Regression Trees and Forests
Paolo Brunori, Paul Hufe, Daniel Gerszon Mahler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14679
The Formation of Risk Preferences through Small-Scale Events
Silvia Angerer, E. Glenn Dutcher, Daniela Glätzle-Rützler, Philipp Lergetporer, Matthias Sutter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14669
COVID-19 Spread in Germany from a Regional Perspective
Olaf Hübler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14572
Tackling the Gender Gap in Mathematics with Active Learning Methodologies
Maria Laura Di Tommaso, Dalit Contini, Dalila De Rosa, Francesca Ferrara, Daniela Piazzalunga, Ornella Robutti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14559
Compulsory Class Attendance versus Autonomy
Sofoklis Goulas, Silvia Griselda, Rigissa Megalokonomou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14497
Words Matter: Gender, Jobs and Applicant Behavior
Sugat Chaturvedi, Kanika Mahajan, Zahra Siddique
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14483
Labor Market Signaling and the Value of College: Evidence from Resumes and the Truth
Daniel Kreisman, Jonathan Smith, Bondi Arifin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14473
Differences in On-the-Job Learning across Firms
Jaime Arellano-Bover, Fernando Saltiel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14453
Did COVID-19 Affect the Division of Labor within the Household? Evidence from Two Waves of the Pandemic in Italy
Daniela Del Boca, Noemi Oggero, Paola Profeta, Maria Cristina Rossi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14442
The Dynamics of Domestic Violence: Learning About the Match
Dan Anderberg, Noemi Mantovan, Robert M. Sauer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14392
Urban Economics in a Historical Perspective: Recovering Data with Machine Learning
Pierre-Philippe Combes, Laurent Gobillon, Yanos Zylberberg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14377
Using Machine Learning to Create an Early Warning System for Welfare Recipients
Dario Sansone, Anna Zhu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14356
Zooming to Class?: Experimental Evidence on College Students' Online Learning during COVID-19
Michael S. Kofoed, Lucas Gebhart, Dallas Gilmore, Ryan Moschitto
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14315
What Explains Vietnam's Exceptional Performance in Education Relative to Other Countries? Analysis of the 2012 and 2015 Pisa Data
Hai-Anh Dang, Paul Glewwe, Khoa Vu, Jongwook Lee
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14305
Biased Teachers and Gender Gap in Learning Outcomes: Evidence from India
Sonali Rakshit, Soham Sahoo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14298
Learning Loss and Educational Inequalities in Europe: Mapping the Potential Consequences of the COVID-19 Crisis
Zsuzsa Blaskó, Patricia da Costa, Sylke V. Schnepf
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14285
Job Design, Learning & Intrinsic Motivation
Michael Gibbs
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14259
The Effect of Sport in Online Dating: Evidence from Causal Machine Learning
Daniel Boller, Michael Lechner, Gabriel Okasa
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14214
Upside-Down Down-Under: Cold Temperatures Reduce Learning in Australia
David W. Johnston, Rachel Knott, Silvia Mendolia, Peter Siminski
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2021, 85, 102172
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14200
Grades and Employer Learning
Anne Toft Hansen, Ulrik Hvidman, Hans Henrik Sievertsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14128
The Gender Pay Gap Revisited with Big Data: Do Methodological Choices Matter?
Anthony Strittmatter, Conny Wunsch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14036
Fear and Loathing in the Classroom: Why Does Teacher Quality Matter?
Michael Insler, Alexander F. McQuoid, Ahmed S. Rahman, Katherine Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14009
School's Out: Experimental Evidence on Limiting Learning Loss Using "Low-Tech" in a Pandemic
Noam Angrist, Peter Bergman, Moitshepi Matsheng
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14005
Friendship Networks and Political Opinions: A Natural Experiment among Future French Politicians
Yann Algan, Nicolò Dalvit, Quoc-Anh Do, Alexis Le Chapelain, Yves Zenou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13898
Workplace Incentives and Organizational Learning
Francesco Amodio, Miguel A. Martinez-Carrasco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13884
Measuring Financial Wellbeing with Self-Reported and Bank-Record Data
Carole Comerton-Forde, John de New, Nicolás Salamanca, David C. Ribar, Andrea Nicastro, James Ross
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13823
Political Polarization and Expected Economic Outcomes
Olivier Coibion, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Michael Weber
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13819
Learning at Home: Distance Learning Solutions and Child Development during the COVID-19 Lockdown
Hugues Champeaux, Lucia Mangiavacchi, Francesca Marchetta, Luca Piccoli
published online as 'Child development and distance learning in the age of COVID-19' in: Review of Economics of the Household, 05 April 2022
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13776
COVID-19 and the Future of US Fertility: What Can We Learn from Google?
Joshua Wilde, Wei Chen, Sophie Lohmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13613
Two-Stage Least Squares Random Forests with an Application to Angrist and Evans (1998)
Martin Biewen, Philipp Kugler
shorter version published in: Economics Letters, 2021, 204, 109893
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13582
The Role of Beliefs in Long Sickness Absence: Experimental Evidence from a Psychological Intervention
Gabriel Pons Rotger, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13574
Social Learning along International Migrant Networks
Yuan Tian, Maria Esther Caballero, Brian K. Kovak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13506
Older Workers Need Not Apply? Ageist Language in Job Ads and Age Discrimination in Hiring
Ian Burn, Patrick Button, Luis Munguia Corella, David Neumark
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13129
The Effect of Labor Market Conditions at Entry on Workers' Long-Term Skills
Jaime Arellano-Bover
forthcoming in: The Review of Economics and Statistics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13099
Using Machine Learning to Predict Nosocomial Infections and Medical Accidents in a NICU
Marc Beltempo, Georges Bresson, Guy Lacroix
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13080
Isolating the "Tech" from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China
Robert W. Fairlie, Prashant Loyalka, Scott Rozelle, Yue Ma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13080
Isolating the "Tech" from EdTech: Experimental Evidence on Computer Assisted Learning in China
Robert W. Fairlie, Prashant Loyalka, Scott Rozelle, Yue Ma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13051
Double Machine Learning Based Program Evaluation under Unconfoundedness
Michael C. Knaus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13051
Double Machine Learning Based Program Evaluation under Unconfoundedness
Michael C. Knaus
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12989
Efficient Targeting in Childhood Interventions
Alexander Paul, Dorthe Bleses, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12953
Signaling and Employer Learning with Instruments
Gaurab Aryal, Manudeep Bhuller, Fabian Lange
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12875
Priority to Unemployed Immigrants? A Causal Machine Learning Evaluation of Training in Belgium
Bart Cockx, Michael Lechner, Joost Bollens
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12826
Is 'First in Family' a Good Indicator for Widening University Participation?
Anna Adamecz-Völgyi, Morag Henderson, Nikki Shure
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2020, 78, 102038.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12708
"O Youth and Beauty:" Children's Looks and Children's Cognitive Development
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Rachel A. Gordon, Robert Crosnoe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12543
Instruction Time, Information, and Student Achievement: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Simon Calmar Andersen, Thorbjørn Sejr Guul, Maria Knoth Humlum
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12526
Does the Estimation of the Propensity Score by Machine Learning Improve Matching Estimation? The Case of Germany's Programmes for Long Term Unemployed
Daniel Goller, Michael Lechner, Andreas Moczall, Joachim Wolff
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12509
Immigration and the Evolution of Local Cultural Norms
Sophia Schmitz, Felix Weinhardt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12508
One Step at a Time: Does Gradualism Build Coordination?
Maoliang Ye, Jie Zheng, Plamen Nikolov, Samuel Asher
published in: Management Science, 2019, 66 (1), 113-129.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12438
Dissonant Works Councils and Establishment Survivability
John T. Addison, Paulino Teixeira, Philipp Grunau, Lutz Bellmann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12437
Rank Incentives and Social Learning: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Isabella Dobrescu, Marco Faravelli, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Alberto Motta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12320
Incentivizing Learning-By-Doing: The Role of Compensation Schemes
Joshua Graff Zivin, Lisa B. Kahn, Matthew Neidell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12298
Distance Learning in Higher Education: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment
M. Paula Cacault, Christian Hildebrand, Jérémy Laurent-Lucchetti, Michele Pellizzari
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12290
Opting out of Workers' Compensation: Non-Subscription in Texas and Its Effects
Lu Jinks, Thomas J. Kniesner, John D. Leeth, Anthony T. Lo Sasso
published in: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 2020, 60(1), 53-76
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12270
Learning through Coworker Referrals
Albrecht Glitz, Rune Majlund Vejlin
published in: Review of Economic Dynamics, 2021, 42, 37-71
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12242
New Digital Technologies and Heterogeneous Employment and Wage Dynamics in the United States: Evidence from Individual-Level Data
Frank M. Fossen, Alina Sorgner
revised version published in: Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2022, 175, 121381
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12040
Modified Causal Forests for Estimating Heterogeneous Causal Effects
Michael Lechner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12040
Modified Causal Forests for Estimating Heterogeneous Causal Effects
Michael Lechner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12039
Machine Learning Estimation of Heterogeneous Causal Effects: Empirical Monte Carlo Evidence
Michael C. Knaus, Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter
forthcoming in: The Econometrics Journal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11859
Performance Pay and Prior Learning: Evidence from a Retail Chain
Kathrin Manthei, Dirk Sliwka, Timo Vogelsang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11741
What Do Parents Value in a Child Care Provider? Evidence from Yelp Consumer Reviews
Chris M. Herbst, Kevin C. Desouza, Saud Alashri, Srinivasa Srivatsav Kandala, Mayank Khullar, Vikash Bajaj
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11738
Occupational Classifications: A Machine Learning Approach
Akina Ikudo, Julia Lane, Joseph Staudt, Bruce A. Weinberg
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11547
A Double Machine Learning Approach to Estimate the Effects of Musical Practice on Student's Skills
Michael C. Knaus
published in: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 2021, 184(1), 282-300
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11536
Information Frictions and Learning Dynamics: Evidence from Tax Avoidance in Ecuador
Albrecht Bohne, Jan Sebastian Nimczik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11125
Human Capital, Signaling, and Employer Learning: What Insights Do We Gain from Regression Discontinuity Designs?
Georg Graetz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11015
Media and Occupational Choice
Alexander Konon, Alexander S. Kritikos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10961
Heterogeneous Employment Effects of Job Search Programmes: A Machine Learning Approach
Michael C. Knaus, Michael Lechner, Anthony Strittmatter
forthcoming in: Journal of Human Resources
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10911
University Selectivity, Initial Job Quality, and Longer-Run Salary
Russell Weinstein
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10885
Using Tax Deductions to Promote Lifelong Learning: Real and Shifting Responses
Wiljan Van den Berge, Egbert L. W. Jongen, Karen van der Wiel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10794
Worker Overconfidence: Field Evidence and Implications for Employee Turnover and Returns from Training
Mitchell Hoffman, Stephen V. Burks
revised version published in: Quantitative Economics, 2020, 11(1), 315-348
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10744
Nudging Households to Take Up Health Insurance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Burkina Faso
Fadima Bocoum, Michael Grimm, Renate Hartwig, Nathalie Zongo
published as 'Can information increase the understanding and uptake of insurance? Lessons from a randomized experiment in rural Burkina Faso' in: Social Science and Medicine, 2019, 220, 102-111.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10724
What Drives Differences in Management?
Nicholas Bloom, Erik Brynjolfsson, Lucia Foster, Ron Jarmin, Megha Patnaik, Itay Saporta-Eksten, John Van Reenen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10674
Do Friendship Networks Improve Female Education?
Youjin Hahn, Asadul Islam, Eleonora Patacchini, Yves Zenou
published in: Economic Journal, 2020, 130, 740-764.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10654
Learning about the Enforcement of Conditional Welfare Programs: Evidence from Brazil
Fernanda Brollo, Katja Maria Kaufmann, Eliana La Ferrara
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10613
Dynamic Skill Accumulation, Education Policies and the Return to Schooling
Christian Belzil, Jörgen Hansen, Xingfei Liu
published in: Quantitative Economics, 2017, 8 (3), 895-927 https://dx.doi.org/10.3982/QE321
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10612
The Private Schooling Phenomenon in India: A Review
Geeta G. Kingdon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10302
Work-Related Learning and Skill Development in Europe: Does Initial Skill Mismatch Matter?
Maria Ferreira Sequeda, Annemarie Künn-Nelen, Andries de Grip
published in: Solomon W. Polachek, Konstantinos Pouliakas. Giovanni Russo, Konstantinos Tatsiramos (eds.): Skill Mismatch in Labor Markets (Research in Labor Economics, 45) Emerald Publishing Limited, 2017, 345 - 407
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10207
Job Design and Skill Developments in the Workplace
Giovanni Russo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10086
School Feeding and Learning Achievement: Evidence from India's Midday Meal Program
Tanika Chakraborty, Rajshri Jayaraman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9981
Testing for the Ratchet Effect: Evidence from a Real-Effort Work Task
Eric Cardella, Briggs Depew
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9959
Does Learning Beget Learning Throughout Adulthood? Evidence from Employees' Training Participation
Anica Kramer, Marcus Tamm
substantially revised version published as 'Does learning trigger learning throughout adulthood? Evidence from training participation of the employed population' in: Economics of Education Review, 2018, 62, 82-90
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9796
Teacher Quality and Learning Outcomes in Kindergarten
Maria Caridad Araujo, Pedro Carneiro, Yyannú Cruz-Aguayo, Norbert Schady
published in: Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2016, 131 (3), 1415 - 1453
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9585
Mismatch of Talent: Evidence on Match Quality, Entry Wages, and Job Mobility
Peter Fredriksson, Lena Hensvik, Oskar Nordström Skans
Published in American Economic Review Vol. 108, No. 11 (Nov), pp. 3303-38.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9509
Where Are the Returns to Lifelong Learning?
Michael Coelli, Domenico Tabasso
published in: Empirical Economics, 2019, 57 (1), 205-237
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9507
New Evidence on the Effects of the Shortened School Duration in the German States: An Evaluation of Post-Secondary Education Decisions
Tobias Meyer, Stephan L. Thomsen, Heidrun Schneider
published in: German Economic Review, 2019, 20 (4), e201-e253.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9443
Compliance Behavior in Networks: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Francesco Drago, Friederike Mengel, Christian Traxler
revised version forthcoming in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2020
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9370
Your Move: The Effect of Chess on Mathematics Test Scores
Kamilla Gumede, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9330
Strive to be First or Avoid Being Last: An Experiment on Relative Performance Incentives
E. Glenn Dutcher, Loukas Balafoutas, Florian Lindner, Dmitry Ryvkin, Matthias Sutter
published in: Games and Economic Behavior, 2015, 94, 39-56.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9322
Does Informal Learning at Work Differ between Temporary and Permanent Workers? Evidence from 20 OECD Countries
Maria Ferreira Sequeda, Andries de Grip, Rolf Van der Velden
published in: Labour Economics,, 2018, 55, 18-40
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