The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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943 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17860
The Gender Gap in Career Trajectories: Do Firms Matter?
David Card, Francesco Devicienti, Mariacristina Rossi, Andrea Weber
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17856
OLS with Heterogeneous Coefficients
Nikolas Mittag
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17805
Quantifying the Internal Validity of Weighted Estimands
Alexandre Poirier, Tymon Sloczynski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17805
Quantifying the Internal Validity of Weighted Estimands
Alexandre Poirier, Tymon Sloczynski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17764
China’s Import Competition, Innovation and the Role of Unions
Alessia Matano, Paolo Naticchioni
published in: Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 2025, 73, 423-433
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17760
From Access to Wellness: Early Life Exposure to Abortion Legalization and the Next Generation’s Health
Hamid Noghanibehambari, David Slusky, Hoa Vu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17739
Macro-Economic Change and Household Financial Strain in Europe 2006-2022
Cathal O'Donoghue, Zeynep Gizem Can, Ana Montes-Viñas, Denisa Maria Sologon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17703
Math Exposure and University Performance: Causal Evidence from Twins
Graziella Bertocchi, Luca Bonacini, Majlinda Joxhe, Giuseppe Pignataro
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17690
Human Capital Spillovers and the External Returns to Education
Pedro Portugal, Hugo Reis, Paulo Guimaraes, Ana Rute Cardoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17690
Human Capital Spillovers and the External Returns to Education
Pedro Portugal, Hugo Reis, Paulo Guimaraes, Ana Rute Cardoso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17650
Childhood Welfare Exposure and Economic Outcomes for Adult Daughters and Sons
Robert Paul Hartley, Carlos Lamarche, James P. Ziliak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17636
Examiner and Judge Designs in Economics: A Practitioner's Guide
Eric Chyn, Brigham R. Frandsen, Emily Leslie
forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Literature
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17628
Dishonesty Concessions in Teams: Theory and Experimental Insights from Local Politicians in India
Arnab K. Basu, Nancy H. Chau, Anustup Kundu, Kunal Sen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17605
Long-Run Career Outcomes of Multiple Job Holding
Johanna Muffert, Regina T. Riphahn
forthcoming in: Industrial and Labor Relations Review
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17587
Phasing Out Payroll Tax Subsidies
Anna Herget, Regina T. Riphahn
forthcoming in: International Tax and Public Finance.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17576
On-the-Job Learning: How Peers and Experience Drive Productivity Among Teachers
Romaine A. Campbell, Seth Gershenson, Constance A. Lindsay, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Jessica H. Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17575
A 22 Percent Increase in the German Minimum Wage: Nothing Crazy!
Mario Bossler, Lars Chittka, Thorsten Schank
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17573
The Making of a Ghetto Place-Based Policies, Labeling, and Impacts on Neighborhoods and Individuals
Yajna Govind, Jack Melbourne, Sara Signorelli, Edith Zink
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17522
Recidivism and Barriers to Reintegration: A Field Experiment Encouraging Use of Reentry Support
Marco Castillo, Sera Linardi, Ragan Petrie
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17499
Macroeconomic Effects of the Anticipation and Implementation of Tax Changes in Germany: Evidence from a Narrative Account
Désirée I. Christofzik, Angela Fuest, Robin Jessen
published in: Economica, 2022, 89 (353), 62-81.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17446
Gritty Peers
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Yaming Cao, Ezgi Kaya
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17443
Peer Effects and Marriage Formation
Abigail Wozniak, Michael T. Baker, Susan P. Carter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17440
Compensation Peer Group Effects: Evidence from NFL Professional Football
Quinn Keefer, Thomas J. Kniesner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17440
Compensation Peer Group Effects: Evidence from NFL Professional Football
Quinn Keefer, Thomas J. Kniesner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17401
Do Women on Boards Matter? Network and Spillover Effects on Gender Gaps within Firms
Emma von Essen, Nina Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17362
The Effectiveness of Teamwork for Student Academic Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment
Ritwik Banerjee, Niels-Hugo Blunch, Daniele Cassese, Nabanita Datta Gupta, Paolo Pin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17358
Estimating Peer Effects among College Students: Evidence from a Field Experiment of One-to-One Pairings in STEM
Robert W. Fairlie, Daniel Oliver, Glenn Millhauser, Randa Roland
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17348
How Does Potential Unemployment Insurance Benefit Duration Affect Reemployment Timing and Wages?
Rahel Felder, Hanna Frings, Nikolas Mittag
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17292
Heterogeneity in Peer Effects of Obesity
Kiersten Strombotne, Sophia Day, Kevin Konty, Jason M. Fletcher
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17289
Competitive Peers: The Way to Higher Paying Jobs?
Claudio Schilter, Samuel Lüthi, Stefan C. Wolter
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17264
Distribution Regression Difference-in-Differences
Iván Fernández-Val, Jonas Meier, Aico van Vuuren, Francis Vella
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17262
Estimating Quantile Regressions with Multiple Fixed Effects through Method of Moments
Fernando Rios-Avila, Leonardo Siles, Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17212
Signaling Effects on the Labor Market: Winners and Losers of University Licensing in a Higher Education Reform
Pablo Lavado, Gustavo Yamada, Joaquin Armas, Mauricio Gonzalez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17205
The Long-Term Human Capital and Health Impacts of a Pollution Reduction Programme
Nanna Fukushima, Stephanie von Hinke, Emil N. Sørensen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17167
What Is Wrong with Ability-Tracking?
Hartmut Esser
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17129
Motherhood and Domestic Violence: A Longitudinal Study Using Population-Wide Administrative Data
Sanna Bergvall, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16998
Identifying Peer Effects in Networks with Unobserved Effort and Isolated Students
Aristide Houndetoungan, Cristelle Kouame, Michael Vlassopoulos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16995
Biological, Behavioural and Spurious Selection on the Kidney Transplant Waitlist
Stephen Kastoryano
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16995
Biological, Behavioural and Spurious Selection on the Kidney Transplant Waitlist
Stephen Kastoryano
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16982
Informal Social Interactions, Academic Achievement and Behavior: Evidence from Peers on the School Bus
Matthew A. Lenard, Mikko Silliman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16969
Integrating Minorities in the Classroom: The Role of Students, Parents, and Teachers
Alexandra de Gendre, Krzysztof Karbownik, Nicolás Salamanca, Yves Zenou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16949
Sick of Your Poor Neighborhood? Quasi-Experimental Evidence on Neighborhood Effects on Health
Linea Hasager, Mia Jørgensen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16847
Peer Creativity and Academic Achievement
Max van Lent
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16837
Labor Demand on a Tight Leash
Mario Bossler, Martin Popp
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16830
Peer Effects on Violence: Experimental Evidence from El Salvador
Lelys Dinarte Diaz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16773
Competitive Effects of Charter Schools
David N. Figlio, Cassandra M. D. Hart, Krzysztof Karbownik
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16769
Keeping Up with the Jansens: Causal Peer Effects on Household Spending, Beliefs and Happiness
Maarten van Rooij, Olivier Coibion, Dimitris Georgarakos, Bernardo Candia, Yuriy Gorodnichenko
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16750
Born under the Bad Sign: Intergenerational Effects of the Finnish Great Depression of the Early 1990s
Eiji Mangyo, Mika Haapanen, Petri Böckerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16741
The Effects of Immigration in a Developing Country: Brazil in the Age of Mass Migration
David Escamilla-Guerrero, Andrea Papadia, Ariell Zimran
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16721
Birds of a Feather Earn Together. Gender and Peer Effects at the Workplace
Julián Messina, Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano, Anastasia Terskaya
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16709
The Role of Friends in the Opioid Epidemic
Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Jeremy Greenwood, Nezih Guner, Karen A. Kopecky
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16689
Female Classmates, Disruption, and STEM Outcomes in Disadvantaged Schools: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16660
Intergenerational Transmission of Welfare Benefit Receipt: Evidence from Germany
Jennifer Feichtmayer, Regina T. Riphahn
published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2024, 70 (4), 1226-1251
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16652
How Negative Labor Supply Shocks Affect Training in Firms: Lessons from Opening the Swiss-German Border
Caroline Neuber-Pohl, Damiano Pregaldini, Uschi Backes-Gellner, Sandra Dummert, Harald Pfeifer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16649
The Impact of New Free Trade Agreements on Incumbent Firms and Workers
Harald Dale-Olsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16594
Consistent Estimation of Panel Data Sample Selection Models
Badi H. Baltagi, Sergi Jimenez-Martin, José M. Labeaga, Majid al Sadoon
published online in: Econometrics and Statistic, 11 November 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16592
School Closures, Mortality, and Human Capital: Evidence from the Universe of Closures during the 1918 Pandemic in Sweden
Christian M. Dahl, Casper W. Hansen, Peter S. Jensen, Martin Karlsson, Daniel Kühnle
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16565
Understanding the Impacts of Paid Maternity Leave on Women's Labor Market Outcomes
Lillian Bates, Oliver Hall, Pamela Jakiela
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16490
Recession Experiences during Early Adulthood Shape Prosocial Attitudes Later in Life
Jan Bietenbeck, Uwe Sunde, Petra Thiemann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16490
Recession Experiences during Early Adulthood Shape Prosocial Attitudes Later in Life
Jan Bietenbeck, Uwe Sunde, Petra Thiemann
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16453
Spillovers in Fields of Study: Siblings, Cousins, and Neighbors
Stanislav Avdeev, Nadine Ketel, Hessel Oosterbeek, Bas van der Klaauw
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 238, 105193.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16430
Graying and Staying on the Job: The Welfare Implications of Employment Protection for Older Workers
Todd Morris, Benoit Dostie
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16417
What If It Never Happened? Subjective Treatment Effects of a Negative Shock on Youth Labour Market Outcomes in Developing Countries
Marta Favara, Richard Freund, Marcello Perez-Alvarez
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16385
The Inheritance of Historical Trauma: Intergenerational Effects of Early-Life Exposure to Famine on Mental Health
Zihan Zhang, Jun Hyung Kim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16374
Persistence of the Spillover Effects of Violence and Educational Trajectories
María Padilla-Romo, Cecilia Peluffo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16370
The Dynastic Benefits of Early Childhood Education: Participant Benefits and Family Spillovers
Frederik H. Bennhoff, Jorge Luis García, Duncan Ermini Leaf
published in: Human Capital, 2024, 18 (1), 44-73.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16354
Towards a General Theory of Peer Effects
Vincent Boucher, Michelle Rendall, Philip Ushchev, Yves Zenou
published in: Econometrica, 2024, 92 (2), 543-565
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16327
Effects of Lottery Wins on Household Labor Supply
Ignacio Belloc, José Alberto Molina, Jorge Velilla
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16323
Women in Management and the Gender Pay Gap
Virginia Sondergeld, Katharina Wrohlich
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16300
The Education-Health Gradient: Revisiting the Role of Socio-Emotional Skills
Mette Gørtz, Miriam Gensowski
published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2024, 97, 102911
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16280
(Breaking) Intergenerational Transmission of Mental Health
Aline Bütikofer, Rita Ginja, Krzysztof Karbownik, Fanny Landaud
published in: Journal of Human Resources, 2024, 59 (S), S108-S151
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16258
Spillover Effects of Black Teachers on White Teachers' Racial Competency: Mixed Methods Evidence from North Carolina
Seth Gershenson, Constance A. Lindsay, Nicholas W. Papageorge, Romaine A. Campbell, Jessica H. Rendon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16234
Pricing Neighborhoods
Sadegh S. M. Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Goya Razavi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16209
Health and Wellbeing Spillovers of a Partner's Cancer Diagnosis
Viola Angelini, Joan Costa-Font
published in: Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organisation, 2023, 212, 422 - 437
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16202
Fixed Effects and Causal Inference
Daniel L. Millimet, Marc Bellemare
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16202
Fixed Effects and Causal Inference
Daniel L. Millimet, Marc Bellemare
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16202
Fixed Effects and Causal Inference
Daniel L. Millimet, Marc Bellemare
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16198
First Generation College Students and Peer Effects
Michael S. Kofoed, Todd R. Jones
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16186
Labor Supply Effects of a Universal Cash Transfer
Jan Gromadzki
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 239, 105248
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16180
Overconfident Boys: The Gender Gap in Mathematics Self-Assessment
Anna Adamecz, John Jerrim, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Nikki Shure
published as 'Peers, parents, and self-perceptions: the gender gap in mathematics self-assessment' in: Journal of Population Economics, 2025, 38, 33 (2025)
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16168
Perceived Ability and School Choices: Experimental Evidence and Scale-up Effects
Matteo Bobba, Veronica Frisancho, Marco Pariguana
this paper is an updated version of IZA DP No. 10360 (2016).
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16153
Long-Term Effects of Hiring Subsidies for Low-Educated Unemployed Youths
Andrea Albanese, Bart Cockx, Muriel Dejemeppe
revised version published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 235, 105137
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16137
Nudging in Complex Environments
Alexander K. Koch, Dan Monster, Julia Nafziger
published as 'Spillover effects of reminder nudges in complex environments' in: PNAS, 2024; 121 (17), e23225491
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16115
Child Health, Parental Well-Being, and the Social Safety Net
Achyuta Adhvaryu, N. Meltem Daysal, Snaebjorn Gunnsteinsson, Teresa Molina, Herdis Steingrimsdottir
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16115
Child Health, Parental Well-Being, and the Social Safety Net
Achyuta Adhvaryu, N. Meltem Daysal, Snaebjorn Gunnsteinsson, Teresa Molina, Herdis Steingrimsdottir
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16113
Unpacking Neighborhood Effects: Experimental Evidence from a Large-Scale Housing Program in Brazil
Carlos Alberto Belchior, Gustavo Gonzaga, Gabriel Ulyssea
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16087
Make Your Own Luck: The Wage Gains from Starting College in a Bad Economy
Alena Bicakova, Matias Cortes, Jacopo Mazza
published in: Labour Economics, 2023, 84, 102411
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16055
Long-Term Effects of Recession on Parenthood Gender Inequality
Jinyoung Kim, Eunhye Kwak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16032
Household Responses to Trade Shocks
Aitor Irastorza-Fadrique, Peter Levell, Matthias Parey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16031
The Impact of a Minimum Wage Increase on Hours Worked: Heterogeneous Effects by Gender and Sector
Paul Redmond, Seamus McGuinness
published in Economica, 2025, 92, (365), 84-106
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16005
Family Affair? Long-Term Economic and Mental Effects of Spousal Cancer
Petri Böckerman, Mika Kortelainen, Henri Salokangas, Maria Vaalavuo
forthcoming in: Journal of Population Economics, 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15977
Retrieving the Returns to Experience, Tenure, and Job Mobility from Work Histories
John T. Addison, Pedro Portugal, Pedro Raposo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15964
Does the Closeness of Peers Matter? An Investigation Using Online Training Platform Data and Survey Data
Xin Gu, Haizheng Li
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15893
Unions as Insurance: Employer–Worker Risk Sharing and Workers' Outcomes during COVID-19
Nils Braakmann, Boris Hirsch
published in: Industrial Relations, 2024, 63 (2), 152-171
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15887
Unintended Effects of the Flexible Grading Policy
Mehlika Ozsoy, Núria Rodríguez-Planas
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15840
Homophily and Transmission of Behavioral Traits in Social Networks
Palaash Bhargava, Daniel L. Chen, Matthias Sutter, Camille Terrier
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15799
A Complete Framework for Model-Free Difference-in-Differences Estimation
Daniel J. Henderson, Stefan Sperlich
published in: Foundations and Trends in Econometrics, 2023, 12 (3), 232-323
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15785
Reference Dependent Aspirations and Peer Effects in Education
Marco Fongoni, Jonathan Norris, Agnese Romiti, Zhan Shi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15777
Getting Students to Stick Around: The Effects of Completing an Introductory Course on Persistence for Community College Students
Dora Gicheva, Julie Edmunds, Marie C. Hull, Beth Thrift
published online in: Contemporary Economic Policy, 07 January 2025
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