The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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167 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17174
Identification of Ex Ante Returns Using Elicited Choice Probabilities: An Application to Preferences for Public-Sector Jobs
Romuald Meango, Esther Mirjam Girsberger
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16743
Baby Bumps in the Road: The Impact of Parenthood on Job Performance, Human Capital, and Career Advancement
Olivia Healy, Jennifer A. Heissel
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16616
Foreign Nurses and Hospital Quality: Evidence from Brexit
Henrique Castro-Pires, Marco Mello, Giuseppe Moscelli
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16549
Modelling Australian Public Service Careers
Robert Breunig, David Hansell, Nu Nu Win
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16493
National Wage Setting
Jonathon Hazell, Christina Patterson, Heather Sarsons, Bledi Taska
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16379
Non-monetary Interventions, Workforce Retention and Hospital Quality: Evidence from the English NHS
Giuseppe Moscelli, Melisa Sayli, Jo Blanden, Marco Mello, Henrique Castro-Pires, Chris Bojke
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16166
Campaign Connections
Samuel Bazzi, Claudio Labanca
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16088
Employing the Unemployed of Marienthal: Evaluation of a Guaranteed Job Program
Maximilian Kasy, Lukas Lehner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16001
Public-Sector Employment, Wages and Education Decisions
Andri Chassamboulli, Pedro Maia Gomes
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15906
Discipline Reform, School Culture, and Student Achievement
Ashley C Craig, David Martin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15864
The Long-Run Earnings Effects of Winning a Mayoral Election
Marco Bertoni, Giorgio Brunello, Lorenzo Cappellari, Maria De Paola
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15665
Business Cycles and Police Hires
Fernando Saltiel, Cody Tuttle
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15480
Do Non-monetary Interventions Improve Staff Retention? Evidence from English NHS Hospitals
Melisa Sayli, Giuseppe Moscelli, Jo Blanden, Chris Bojke, Marco Mello
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15079
Differential Patterns between Private and Public Sector Wages in Spain
Alba Couceiro de León, Juan J. Dolado
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15071
To Work or Not to Work? Effects of Temporary Public Employment on Future Employment and Benefits
Eva Mörk, Lillit Ottosson, Ulrika Vikman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15052
Teacher Labor Market Equilibrium and Student Achievement
Michael Bates, Michael Dinerstein, Andrew C. Johnston, Isaac Sorkin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14899
Managing Dual Practice of Health Workers: Evidence from Indonesia
Paula Gonzalez, Gabriel V. Montes-Rojas, Sarmistha Pal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14831
Preferences, Selection, and the Structure of Teacher Pay
Andrew C. Johnston
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14825
Higher Education Expansion and Supply of Teachers in China
Fengyan Dai, Lei Xu, Yu Zhu
published in: China Economic Review, 2022, 71, 101732
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14787
Online Teaching and Gender Bias
Sara Ayllón
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2022, 89, 102280
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14776
How Civilian Attitudes Respond to the State's Violence: Lessons from the Israel- Gaza Conflict
Amit Loewenthal, Sami H. Miaari, Alexei Abrahams
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14581
Teacher Compensation and Structural Inequality: Evidence from Centralized Teacher School Choice in Perú
Matteo Bobba, Tim Ederer, Gianmarco Leon Ciliotta, Christopher A. Neilson, Marco Nieddu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14514
Public Sector Jobs: Working in the Public Sector in Europe and the US
Daniele Checchi, Alessandra Fenizia, Claudio Lucifora
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14346
Friday Morning Fever. Evidence from a Randomized Experiment on Sick Leave Monitoring in the Public Sector
Tito Boeri, Edoardo di Porto, Paolo Naticchioni, Vincenzo Scrutinio
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14208
Collective Bargaining Rights, Policing, and Civilian Deaths
Jamein Cunningham, Donn. L. Feir, Rob Gillezeau
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14177
The Gender Pay Gap in UK Medicine
Melanie K. Jones, Ezgi Kaya
published online as 'The gender pay gap in medicine: evidence from Britain' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 21 December 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14148
Culture as a Hiring Criterion: Systemic Discrimination in a Procedurally Fair Hiring Process
Dominique Meurs, Patrick A. Puhani
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14118
Personality and Public Sector Employment
Terhi Maczulskij, Jutta Viinikainen
published online as 'Personality and public sector employment in Finland' in: Labor, 9 December 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 14037
Between the Dockyard and the Deep Blue Sea: Retention and Personnel Economics in the Royal Navy
Darrell J. Glaser, Ahmed S. Rahman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13847
The Impact of Employment Quotas on the Economic Lives of Disadvantaged Minorities in India
Nishith Prakash
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2020, 180, 494-509
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13830
Does Test-Based Teacher Recruitment Work in the Developing World? Experimental Evidence from Ecuador
Maria Daniela Araujo, Guido Heineck, Yyannu Cruz Aguayo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13754
Flexible Wages, Bargaining, and the Gender Gap
Barbara Biasi, Heather Sarsons
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13746
Committee Decision-Making under the Threat of Leaks
Sebastian Fehrler, Volker Hahn
published in: Journal of Politics, 2023, 85 (3), 1107–1122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13696
Recruitment, Effort, and Retention Effects of Performance Contracts for Civil Servants: Experimental Evidence from Rwandan Primary Schools
Clare Leaver, Owen Ozier, Pieter Serneels, Andrew Zeitlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13669
Teacher Allocation and School Performance in Italy
Alex Bryson, Lorenzo Corsini, Irene Martelli
published in: Labour, 2022, 36 (4), 409 - 423
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13146
Determinants of Teacher Value-Added in Public Primary Schools: Evidence from Administrative Panel Data
Ryuichi Tanaka, Shun-ichiro Bessho, Akira Kawamura, Haruko Noguchi, Koichi Ushijima
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13121
Teacher Preferences, Working Conditions, and Compensation Structure
Andrew C. Johnston
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13086
Jumping the Queue: Nepotism and Public-Sector Pay
Andri Chassamboulli, Pedro Maia Gomes
published in: Review of Economic Dynamics, 2017, 142, 331-347
IZA Discussion Paper No. 13042
Public-Sector Compensation over the Life Cycle
Pedro Maia Gomes, Felix Wellschmied
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12985
Teacher Labor Markets in Developing Countries
Lee Crawfurd, Todd Pugatch
forthcoming in: Routledge Handbook of the Economics of Education
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12871
Public Employment Redux
Pietro Garibaldi, Pedro Maia Gomes, Thepthida Sopraseuth
published in: Journal of Government and Economics, 2021, 1, 100003
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12702
You’re the One That I Want! Public Employment and Women’s Labor Market Outcomes
Pedro Maia Gomes, Zoë Kuehn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12659
Are Political and Economic Integration Intertwined?
Bernt Bratsberg, Giovanni Facchini, Tommaso Frattini, Anna Rosso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12653
When Correspondence Studies Fail to Detect Hiring Discrimination
Pierre Cahuc, Stéphane Carcillo, Andreea Minea, Marie-Anne Valfort
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12579
Labour Market Flows: Accounting for the Public Sector
Idriss Fontaine, Ismael Galvez-Iniesta, Pedro Maia Gomes, Diego Vila-Martin
forthcoming in: Labour Economics, 2019
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12527
The Impact of High-Performance Work Systems on Employees: A Sectoral Comparison
Michael White, Alex Bryson
forthcoming in: Labour
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12517
High Performance Work Systems and Public Sector Workplace Performance in Britain
Michael White, Alex Bryson
published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2021,73 (3), 1057-1076
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12247
Economics and Politics of the Public-Private Wage Gap (The Case of Russia)
Vladimir Gimpelson, Anna Lukiyanova, Anna Sharunina
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12201
The Intergenerational Transmission of Teaching
Alberto Jacinto, Seth Gershenson
published in: American Educational Research Journal, 2021, 58 (3), 635-672.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12170
Labor Market Dynamics in Urban China and the Role of the State Sector
Shuaizhang Feng, Naijia Guo
revised version accepted by: Journal of Comparative Econoimcs
IZA Discussion Paper No. 12026
Do Female Managers Help to Lower Within-Firm Gender Pay Gaps? Public Institutions vs. Private Enterprises
Iga Magda, Ewa Cukrowska-Torzewska
published as 'Do Women Managers Lower Gender Pay Gaps? Evidence from Public and Private Firms' in: Feminist Economics, 2019, 25 (4), 185 - 210
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11964
Unions and Wage Inequality: The Roles of Gender, Skill and Public Sector Employment
David Card, Thomas Lemieux, W. Craig Riddell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11895
Public versus Private Sector Wage Gap in Egypt: Evidence from Quantile Regression on Panel Data
Aysit Tansel, Halil Ibrahim Keskin, Zeynel Abidin Ozdemir
substantially revised version published as 'Public-Private Sector Wage Gap by Gender in Egypt: Evidence from Quantile Regression on Panel Data, 1998-2018' in: World Development, 2020, 135, 105060
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11674
Paying for What Kind of Performance? Performance Pay and Multitasking in Mission-Oriented Jobs
Daniel Jones, Mirco Tonin, Michael Vlassopoulos
substantially revised version published online in: Games and Economic Behavior, 29 August 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11286
Can Quotas Increase the Supply of Candidates for Higher-Level Positions? Evidence from Local Government in India
Stephen D. O'Connell
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11261
Voting Patterns and the Gender Wage Gap
Wifag Adnan, Sami H. Miaari
forthcoming in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11255
The Impact of Public Employment: Evidence from Bonn
Sascha O. Becker, Stephan Heblich, Daniel M. Sturm
published in: Journal of Urban Economics, 2021, 122, article 103291
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11139
Do Boys Benefit from Male Teachers in Elementary School? Evidence from Administrative Panel Data
Patrick A. Puhani
published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 51, 340-354
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11095
Serving the Public Interest in Several Ways: Theory and Empirics
Robert Dur, Max van Lent
published in: Labour Economics, 2018, 51, 13-24
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11091
Heterogeneity and the Public Sector Wage Policy
Pedro Maia Gomes
published in: International Economic Review, 2018, 59 (3), 1469 -1489
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11038
Dual Practice by Health Workers: Theory and Evidence from Indonesia
Paula Gonzalez, Gabriel V. Montes-Rojas, Sarmistha Pal
IZA Discussion Paper No. 11000
Gender Bias in Teaching Evaluations
Friederike Mengel, Jan Sauermann, Ulf Zölitz
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2019, 17 (2), 535-566
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10970
Excluded Generation: The Growing Challenges of Labor Market Insertion for Egyptian Youth
Ragui Assaad, Caroline Krafft
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10923
Does It Matter How and How Much Politicians Are Paid?
Duha T. Altindag, S. Elif Filiz, Erdal Tekin
published in: Economica, 2020, 87 (348), 1105 - 1132
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10844
Does Random Selection of Commissioners Improve the Quality of Selected Candidates? An Investigation in the Italian Academia
Daniele Checchi, Silvia De Poli, Enrico Rettore
published in: Italian Economic Journal, 2018, 4 (2), 211-247
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10726
Differences in Positions along a Hierarchy: Counterfactuals Based on an Assignment Model
Laurent Gobillon, Dominique Meurs, Sébastien Roux
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10719
Public-Private Sector Wage Differentials in Australia
Stephane Mahuteau, Kostas Mavromaras, Sue Richardson, Rong Zhu
published in: Economic Record, 2017, 93, s105–s121
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10595
Where's the Teacher? How Teacher Workplace Segregation Impedes Teacher Allocation in India
Sonja Fagernäs, Panu Pelkonen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10547
Promotion Incentives in the Public Sector: Evidence from Chinese Schools
Naureen Karachiwalla, Albert Park
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10467
Public-Sector Employment in an Equilibrium Search and Matching Model
James Albrecht, Monica Robayo-Abril, Susan Vroman
published in: Economic Journal, 2019, 129 (617), 35-61
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10424
Glass Ceiling Effect in Urban China: Wage Inequality of Rural-Urban Migrants during 2002-2007
Zhaopeng (Frank) Qu, Zhong Zhao
published in: China Economic Review, 2017, 42, 118-144
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10410
Trust the Police? Self-Selection of Motivated Agents into the German Police Force
Guido Friebel, Michael Kosfeld, Gerd Thielmann
published in: American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, 2019, 11 (4), 59-78
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10252
Teacher Literacy and Numeracy Skills: International Evidence from PIAAC and ALL
Bart H.H. Golsteyn, Stan Vermeulen, Inge de Wolf
published in: De Economist (2016), 164 (4), 365-389
IZA Discussion Paper No. 10003
Returns to Office in National and Local Politics
Kaisa Kotakorpi, Panu Poutvaara, Marko Terviö
published in: Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, 2017, 33 (3), 413–442
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9936
Who Wins? Evaluating the Impact of UK Public Sector Pension Scheme Reforms
Alexander M. Danzer, Peter Dolton, Chiara Rosazza Bondibene
published in: National Institute Economic Review, 2016, 237, 38-46
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9931
The Increase of the Gender Wage Gap in Italy during the 2008-2012 Economic Crisis
Daniela Piazzalunga, Maria Laura Di Tommaso
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2019, 17 (2), 171–193
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9658
Are Men Given Priority for Top Jobs? Investigating the Glass Ceiling in the Italian Academia
Maria De Paola, Michela Ponzo, Vincenzo Scoppa
published in: Journal of Human Capital, 2018, Vol. 12, No. 3: 475-503.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9594
Connections in Scientific Committees and Applicants' Self-Selection: Evidence from a Natural Randomized Experiment
Manuel Bagues, Mauro Sylos-Labini, Natalia Zinovyeva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9385
Disentangling the Role of Contract Types and Sector Disparities for Public Service Motivation
Christian Grund, Kirsten Thommes
revised version published as 'The Role of Contract Types for Employees' Public Service Motivation' in: Schmalenbach Business Review, 2017, 18, 377-398
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9271
A Detailed Decomposition Analysis of the Public-Private Sector Wage Gap in South Africa
Prudence Magejo, Miracle Benhura
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9203
Performance Standards and Employee Effort: Evidence from Teacher Absences
Seth Gershenson
published in: Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2016, 35(3), 615-638
IZA Discussion Paper No. 9153
Labor Supply and Productivity Responses to Non-Salary Benefits: Do They Work? If So, at What Level Do They Work Best?
Marilyn Spencer, Deniz Gevrek, Valrie Chambers, Randall Bowden
published in: Personnel Review, 2016, 45 (5), 1047-1068
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8892
Compulsory Military Service and Future Earnings: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment
Muhammad Asali
revised version published in: Defence and Peace Economics, 2019, 30 (4), 402-420.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8859
Gender Differences in Attitudes Towards Competition: Evidence from the Italian Scientific Qualification
Maria De Paola, Michela Ponzo, Vincenzo Scoppa
published as 'Gender differences in the propensity to apply for promotion: evidence from the Italian Scientific Qualification' in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2017, 69 (5), 986 - 1009.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8621
Teacher Pay and Student Performance: Evidence from the Gambian Hardship Allowance
Todd Pugatch, Elizabeth Schroeder
published in: Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2018, 10(2): 249-276.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8315
The Public Sector Wage Premium in Spain: Evidence from Longitudinal Administrative Data
Laura Hospido, Enrique Moral-Benito
published in: Labour Economics, 2016, 42, 101–122
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8268
Human Capital and the Size Distribution of Firms
Pedro Maia Gomes, Zoë Kuehn
Published in Review of Economic Dynamics, 2017, 26 , pp. 164-179.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8241
Yuan and Roubles: Comparing Wage Determination in Urban China and Russia at the Beginning of the New Millennium
Björn Anders Gustafsson, Shi Li, Ludmila Nivorozhkina, Haiyuan Wan
published in: China Economic Review, 2015, 35, 248-265
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8239
Intrinsic Motivations of Public Sector Employees: Evidence for Germany
Robert Dur, Robin Zoutenbier
published in: German Economic Review, 2015, 16(3), 343-366
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8238
Are Public Sector Workers Different? Cross-European Evidence from Elderly Workers and Retirees
Mirco Tonin, Michael Vlassopoulos
published in: IZA Journal of Labor Economics, 4:11, 2015
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8159
The Lifetime Earnings Premium in the Public Sector: The View from Europe
Matt Dickson, Fabien Postel-Vinay, Hélène Turon
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2014, 31, 141–161
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8102
Candidates' Quality and Electoral Participation: Evidence from Italian Municipal Elections
Marco Alberto De Benedetto, Maria De Paola
published as 'Candidates' Education and Turnout: Evidence from Italian Municipal Elections' in: German Economic Review, 2017, 18 (1), 22 - 50
IZA Discussion Paper No. 8057
Opportunity Cost and the Incidence of a Draft Lottery
Paul Bingley, Petter Lundborg, Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7974
Evaluating Specification Tests in the Context of Value-Added Estimation
Cassandra M. Guarino, Mark D. Reckase, Brian Stacy, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
published in: Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2015, 8 (1), 35-59.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7973
A Comparison of Growth Percentile and Value-Added Models of Teacher Performance
Cassandra M. Guarino, Mark D. Reckase, Brian Stacy, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
published in: Statistics and Public Policy, 2015, 2(1), e1034820
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7935
Job Satisfaction and Public Service Motivation
Lutz C. Kaiser
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7887
Unionization and Productivity: Evidence from Charter Schools
Cassandra M. D. Hart, Aaron Sojourner
Published in: Industrial Relations. 2015. 55(4): 422-448
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7723
Incentives for Teacher Relocation: Evidence from the Gambian Hardship Allowance
Todd Pugatch, Elizabeth Schroeder
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2014, 41, 120-136
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7676
Does the Precision and Stability of Value-Added Estimates of Teacher Performance Depend on the Types of Students They Serve?
Brian Stacy, Cassandra M. Guarino, Mark D. Reckase, Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
IZA Discussion Paper No. 7644
Job Satisfaction and Self-Selection into the Public or Private Sector: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Natalia Danzer
revised version published in: Labour Economics, 2019, 57(C), 46-62.
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