The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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490 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17338
Distance to Degrees: How College Proximity Shapes Students' Enrollment Choices and Attainment across Race-Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status
Riley Acton, Kalena E. Cortes, Lois Miller, Camila Morales
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17331
Teacher Personality and the Perceived Socioeconomic Gap in Student Outcomes
Giorgio Brunello, Clementina Crocè, Pamela Giustinelli, Lorenzo Rocco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17330
Who Benefits from Single-Sex Schooling? Evidence on Mental Health, Peer Relationships, and Academic Achievements
Dain Jung, Jun Hyung Kim, Do Won Kwak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17322
A Library in the Palm of Your Hand? A Randomized Reading Intervention with Low-Income Children
Silke Anger, Bernhard Christoph, Agata Galkiewicz, Shushanik Margaryan, Frauke Peter, Malte Sandner, Thomas Siedler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17314
Free Education and the Intergenerational Transmission of Cognitive Skills in Rural China
Zheyuan Zhang, Hui Xu, Ruilin Liu, Zhong Zhao
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17302
Creative and Strategic Capabilities of Generative AI: Evidence from Large-Scale Experiments
Noah Bohren, Rustamdjan Hakimov, Rafael Lalive
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17300
The Effect of Distance to Colleges on Application Behavior
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17296
The Pecuniary Costs of Early School Leaving and Poor Basic Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills
Giorgio Brunello, Lorenzo Rocco
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17288
Fetal Pollution Exposure, Cognitive Ability, and Gender-Specific Parental Investment
Xin Zhang, Yixuan Wang, Xingyi Hu, Xi Chen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17283
Unbundling Returns to Postsecondary Degrees and Skills: Evidence from Colombia
Matias Busso, Sebastián Montaño, Juan S. Muñoz-Morales
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17271
Gender Role Models in Education
Sofoklis Goulas, Bhagya N. Gunawardena, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yves Zenou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17252
Elite Universities and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human and Social Capital
Andres Barrios-Fernandez, Christopher A. Neilson, Seth D. Zimmerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17244
Unintended Consequences of Welfare Cuts on Children and Adolescents
Christian Dustmann, Rasmus Landersø, Lars Højsgaard Andersen
revised version forthcoming in: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17236
Children of the Revolution: Women's Liberation and Children's Success
Eric Maurin, Florentine Oliveira
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17222
When Do Ordinal Ability Rank Effects Emerge? Evidence from the Timing of School Closures
Marco Bertoni, Saeideh Parkam
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17173
Every Cloud Has a Silver Lining: The Role of Study Time and Class Recordings on University Students' Performance during COVID-19
Chiara Binelli, Simona Lorena Comi, Elena Meschi, Laura Pagani
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17135
Can the Teaching Style Reduce Inequality in the Classroom? Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment
Lei Xu, Massimiliano Tani, Yu Zhu
published online in: British Educational Research Journal, 31 July 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17121
Alternative Measures of Teachers' Value Added and Impact on Short and Long-Term Outcomes: Evidence from Random Assignment
Victor Lavy, Rigissa Megalokonomou
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17098
It's a Bird, It's a Plane, It's Superman! Using Mass Media to Fight Intolerance
Alex Armand, Paul Atwell, Joseph Gomes, Giuseppe Musillo, Yannik Schenk
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17072
Schooling Mobility across Three Generations in Six Latin American Countries
Pablo Celhay, Sebastian Gallegos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17066
Shattered Dreams: The Economic Impact of Eliminating DACA
Francesc Ortega, Phillip Connor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17056
Understanding the Educational Attainment Polygenic Index and Its Interactions with SES in Determining Health in Young Adulthood
Atticus Bolyard, Peter A. Savelyev
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17054
Teacher Value-Added and the Test Score Gender Gap
Andrés García-Echalar, Sebastián Poblete, Tomas Rau
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17033
The Underconfidence Wage Penalty
Anna Adamecz, Nikki Shure
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17020
Putting Low Emission Zone (LEZ) to the Test: The Effect of London's LEZ on Education
Antonio Avila-Uribe, Sefi Roth, Brian Shields
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16994
School Equalization in the Shadow of Jim Crow: Causes and Consequences of Resource Disparity in Mississippi Circa 1940
David Card, Leah Clark, Ciprian Domnisoru, Lowell J. Taylor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16989
Dictatorship, Higher Education, and Social Mobility
María Angélica Bautista, Felipe González, Luis R. Martinez, Pablo Muñoz, Mounu Prem
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16958
Geographic Inequalities in Accessibility of Essential Services
Vanda Almeida, Claire Hoffmann, Sebastian Königs, Ana Isabel Moreno-Monroy, Mauricio Salazar-Lozada, Javier Terrero-Dávila
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16956
Public and Parental Investments, and Children's Skill Formation
Miriam Gensowski, Rasmus Landersø, Philip Dale, Anders Hojen, Laura Justice, Dorthe Bleses
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16943
Loopholes and the Incidence of Public Services: Evidence from Funding Career & Technical Education
Thomas Goldring, Brian A. Jacob, Daniel Kreisman, Michael D. Ricks
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16937
Game Changer: Impact of a Reading Intervention on Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills
Micole De Vera, Javier Garcia-Brazales, Luz Rello
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16920
A Neglected Determinant of Eating Behaviors: Relative Age
Luca Fumarco, Sven A. Hartmann, Francesco Principe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16918
Gender Differences in Graduate Degree Choices
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16907
Well-Being throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Gendered Effects of Daycare and School Closures
Mathias Huebener, Sevrin Waights, C. Katharina Spieß
forthcoming in: K. Couch (ed.): Handbook of Inequality and COVID-19
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16899
The Extent and Consequences of Teacher Biases against Immigrants
Ellen Sahlström, Mikko Silliman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16853
What Works? Interventions Aimed At Reducing Student Dropout in Higher Education
Kristoffer Ibsen, Michael Rosholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16851
School Starting Age and the Social Gradient in Educational Outcomes
Yuejun Zhao, Simen Markussen, Knut Røed
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16847
Peer Creativity and Academic Achievement
Max van Lent
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16805
School Choice and Neighborhood Sorting: Equilibrium Consequences of Geographic School Admissions
Ellen Greaves, Hélène Turon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16795
Fiscal Incidence on the Island: Grenada's Fiscal System and Its Incidence
Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza, Guillermo Gómez Aliaga, Chevanne Britton, Fernando Rios-Avila, Wilson Jimenez Pozo, Silvia Granados Ibarra, Ran Li
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16784
The Impact of the Level and Timing of Parental Resources on Child Development and Intergenerational Mobility
Sadegh S. M. Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Rasmus Landersø
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16782
Do Women Fare Worse When Men Are Around? Quasi-Experimental Evidence
Marcela Gomez-Ruiz, María Cervini-Plá, Xavier Ramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16776
Setting Priorities in School Choice Enrollment Systems: Who Benefits from Placement Algorithm Preferences?
Jon Valant, Brigham Walker
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16763
Hukou Status and Children's Education in China
Yue Sun, Liqiu Zhao, Zhong Zhao
forthcoming in: Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16759
Does Information about Inequality and Discrimination in Early Child Care Affect Policy Preferences?
Henning Hermes, Philipp Lergetporer, Fabian Mierisch, Guido Schwerdt, Simon Wiederhold
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16750
Born under the Bad Sign: Intergenerational Effects of the Finnish Great Depression of the Early 1990s
Eiji Mangyo, Mika Haapanen, Petri Böckerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16724
The Impact of Comprehensive Student Support on Crime: Evidence from the Pathways to Education Program
Adam M. Lavecchia, Philip Oreopoulos, Noah Spencer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16713
What Works and for Whom? Effectiveness and Efficiency of School Capital Investments across the U.S.
Barbara Biasi, Julien Lafortune, David Schönholzer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16712
A Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Kalena E. Cortes, Karen Kortecamp, Susanna Loeb, Carly D. Robinson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16701
Field of Study and Mental Health in Adulthood
Anders Stenberg, Simona Tudor
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16690
Learning from Mistakes: The Implications of Course Repetition for Student Subsequent Success
Kelly Chen, Xuan Jiang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16689
Female Classmates, Disruption, and STEM Outcomes in Disadvantaged Schools: Evidence from a Randomized Natural Experiment
Sofoklis Goulas, Rigissa Megalokonomou, Yi Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16668
Estimating Returns to Schooling and Experience: A History of Thought
Barry R. Chiswick
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16654
High Achieving First-Generation University Students
Nikki Shure, Larissa Zierow
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16639
Can Effective Policy Implementation Alter Political Selection? Evidence from Female Legislators in India
S Anukriti, Rossella Calvi, Abhishek Chakravarty
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16591
The (Un)Importance of School Assignment
Nadine Ketel, Hessel Oosterbeek, Sandor Sovago, Bas van der Klaauw
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16584
Gender Differences in High School Choices: Do Math and Language Skills Play a Role?
Dalit Contini, Maria Laura Di Tommaso, Anna Maccagnan, Silvia Mendolia
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16559
The Return to College, Marriage, and Intergenerational Mobility
Eric D. Gould
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16531
COVID-19 and the European Education Performance Decline: A Focus on Primary School Children's Reading Achievement between 2016 and 2021
Sylke V. Schnepf, Silvia Granato
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16525
Telementoring and Homeschooling during School Closures: A Randomized Experiment in Rural Bangladesh
Hashibul Hassan, Asadul Islam, Abu Siddique, Liang Choon Wang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16520
On the Origins of Socio-Economic Inequalities: Evidence from Twin Families
Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari, Konstantinos Tatsiramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16516
The Effect of Reducing Welfare Access on Employment, Health, and Children's Long-Run Outcomes
Jeffrey Hicks, Gaëlle Simard-Duplain, David A. Green, William P. Warburton
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16498
Starting the School Year on the Right Foot. Effects of a Summer Learning Program Targeting Vulnerable Students in Italy
Davide Azzolini, Martina Bazzoli, Sergiu Burlacu, Enrico Rettore
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16453
Spillovers in Fields of Study: Siblings, Cousins, and Neighbors
Stanislav Avdeev, Nadine Ketel, Hessel Oosterbeek, Bas van der Klaauw
published in: Journal of Public Economics, 2024, 238, 105193.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16447
Childhood Health Shocks and the Intergenerational Transmission of Inequality
Tine Louise Mundbjerg Eriksen, Amanda Gaulke, Jannet Svensson, Niels Skipper, Peter Rønø Thingholm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16423
Suspended from Work and School? Impacts of Layoff Events and Unemployment Insurance on Student Disciplinary Incidence
Riley Acton, Jo Al Khafaji-King, Austin C. Smith
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16419
Race and the Income-Achievement Gap
Ryan Bacic, Angela Zheng
pubished in: Economic Inquiry, 2024, 62 (1), 5- 23
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16378
The Short and Medium Term Effects of Full-Day Schooling on Learning and Maternal Labor Supply
Giulia Bovini, Niccolò Cattadori, Marta De Philippis, Paolo Sestito
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16375
School Starting Age and the Impact on School Admission
Julio Cáceres-Delpiano, Eugenio Giolito
published in: Empirical Economics, 2024, 67, 225–251
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16374
Persistence of the Spillover Effects of Violence and Educational Trajectories
María Padilla-Romo, Cecilia Peluffo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16367
When It Hurts the Most: Timing of Parental Job Loss and a Child's Education
Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari, Marco Ovidi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16300
The Education-Health Gradient: Revisiting the Role of Socio-Emotional Skills
Mette Gørtz, Miriam Gensowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16249
The Fast and the Studious? Ramadan Observance and Student Performance
Kyra Hanemaaijer, Olivier Marie, Marco Musumeci
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16239
Bridging the Gap: Mismatch Effects and Catch-up Dynamics in a Brazilian College Affirmative Action
Rodrigo Oliveira, Alei Santos, Edson R. Severnini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16232
Learning during the Pandemic: Evidence from Uzbekistan
Syedah Aroob Iqbal, Harry Anthony Patrinos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16223
The Rising Influence of Family Background on Early School Performance
Simen Markussen, Knut Røed
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2023, 97, article 102491
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16208
Fertility, Son-Preference, and the Reversal of the Gender Gap in Literacy/Numeracy Tests
Minhee Chae, Xin Meng, Sen Xue
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16197
Playing the System: Address Manipulation and Access to Schools
Andreas Bjerre-Nielsen, Lykke Sterll Christensen, Mikkel Høst Gandil, Hans Henrik Sievertsen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16180
Overconfident Boys: The Gender Gap in Mathematics Self-Assessment
Anna Adamecz, John Jerrim, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Nikki Shure
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16168
Perceived Ability and School Choices: Experimental Evidence and Scale-up Effects
Matteo Bobba, Veronica Frisancho, Marco Pariguana
This paper is an updated version of IZA DP No. 10360 (2016).
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16149
Higher Education Opportunity and the Choice of Vocational vs. Academic High School
Chunbing Xing, Yan Sun, Chuliang Luo
published in: China Economic Quarterly International, 2023, 3, 119–131
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16134
Cognitive Skills among Adults: An Impeding Factor for Gender Convergence?
Michele Battisti, Alexandra Fedorets, Lavinia Kinne
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16133
The Economic Approach to Personality, Character and Virtue
James J. Heckman, Bridget Galaty, Haihan Tian
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16117
Where Do STEM Graduates Stem From? The Intergenerational Transmission of Comparative Skill Advantages
Eric A. Hanushek, Babs Jacobs, Guido Schwerdt, Rolf Van der Velden, Stan Vermeulen, Simon Wiederhold
This paper is an updated version of IZA DP No. 14854 (2021).
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16089
Non-college Occupations, Workplace Routinization, and the Gender Gap in College Enrollment
Amanda Chuan, Weilong Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16074
School Closures and Student Achievement: Evidence from a High Stakes Exam
Marc Riudavets-Barcons, Roope Uusitalo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16064
Should You Meet the Parents? The Impact of Information on Non-test Score Attributes on School Choice
Elisa Facchetti, Lorenzo Neri, Marco Ovidi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16058
What We Teach about Race and Gender: Representation in Images and Text of Children's Books
Anjali Adukia, Alex Eble, Emileigh Harrison, Hakizumwami Birali Runesha, Teodora Szasz
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16038
Maximum Impact Intergenerational Associations
Sadegh S. M. Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Rasmus Landersø
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16016
Public and Private School Grade Inflations Patterns in Secondary Education
Pedro Luís Silva, Stephen L. DesJardins, Ricardo Biscaia, Carla Sá, Pedro N. Teixeira
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16008
A Lost Generation? Impact of COVID-19 on High School Students' Achievements
Dalit Contini, Maria Laura Di Tommaso, Caterina Muratori, Daniela Piazzalunga, Lucia Schiavon
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15972
Temperature and Low-Stakes Cognitive Performance
Xin Zhang, Xi Chen, Xiaobo Zhang
published online in: Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, 10 November 2023
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15944
The Impact of Computer-Assisted Instruction on Student Performance: Evidence from the Dual-Teacher Program
Haizheng Li, Zhiqiang Liu, Fanzheng Yang, Li Yu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15940
Long-Term Effects of Rainfall Shocks on Foundational Cognitive Skills: Evidence from Peru
Nicolas Pazos, Marta Favara, Alan Sanchez, Douglas Scott, Jere R. Behrman
published in: Economics & Human Biology, 2024, 54, 101407
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15927
Parental Unemployment and Adolescents' Academic Performance
Nick Drydakis
published in: International Journal of Manpower, 2023, 44 (7), 1362-1381.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15920
Delivering Remote Learning Using a Low-Tech Solution: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Bangladesh
Liang Choon Wang, Michael Vlassopoulos, Asadul Islam, Hashibul Hassan
published online in: Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics, 3 July 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15912
Marital Sorting and Inequality: How Educational Categorization Matters
Frederik Almar, Benjamin Friedrich, Ana Reynoso, Bastian Schulz, Rune Majlund Vejlin
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15895
Month-of-Birth Effects on Skills and Skill Formation
Shintaro Yamaguchi, Hirotake Ito, Makiko Nakamuro
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15860
Do Role Models Matter in Large Classes? New Evidence on Gender Match Effects in Higher Education
Stephan Maurer, Guido Schwerdt, Simon Wiederhold
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15824
Skills, Parental Sorting, and Child Inequality
Martin Nybom, Erik Plug, Bas van der Klaauw, Lennart Ziegler
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