The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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783 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17858
Solidarity and Discrimination Within and Between Generations: Evidence from a Dutch Population Sample
Arno Riedl, Hans Schmeets, Peter Werner
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17841
Daniel Kahneman’s Underappreciated Last Published Paper: Empirical Implications for Benefit-Cost Analysis and a Chat Session Discussion with Bots
C. Monica Capra, Thomas J. Kniesner
forthcoming in: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty (Tribute to Daniel Kahneman Symposium Part 2), 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17833
Bequest Division: The Roles of Parental Motives and Children’s Gender Composition
Warn N. Lekfuangfu, Javier Olivera, Philippe Van Kerm
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17820
Exposure to Regulation and Income Inequality in Local Labor Markets: Evidence from the U.S. over the Past Half-Century
Andrey Stoyanov, Nick Zubanov
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17795
For the Future of Our Grandchildren: Grandparenthood and Climate Change Concerns
Lieke Voorintholt, Gerard J. van den Berg, Adriaan R. Soetevent
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17792
The Relationship Between Intergenerational Mobility and Equality of Opportunity
Adrian Adermon, Gunnar Brandén, Martin Nybom
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17788
Are Elites Meritocratic and Efficiency-Seeking? Evidence from MBA Students
Marcel Preuss, Germán Reyes, Jason Somerville, Joy Wu
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17737
Where the Rubber Meets the Road: Examining Efficiency and Equity in Designing Summer Youth Employment Programs
Alicia Sasser Modestino, Mindy Marks, Hanna Hoover, Hitanshu Pandit
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17716
On a Transformation of the Gini Coefficient into a Well-Behaved Social Welfare Function
Oded Stark
published online in: Kyklos, 31 January 2025.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17682
Artificial Intelligence, the Collapse of Consumer Society, and Oligarchy
Gilles Saint-Paul
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17629
Just Cheap Talk? Investigating Fairness Preferences in Hypothetical Scenarios
Paul Hufe, Daniel Weishaar
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17586
Why Life Gets Better After Age 50, for Some: Mental Well-Being and the Social Norm of Work
Coen van de Kraats, Titus Galama, Maarten Lindeboom, Zichen Deng
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17532
Hope, Noise, and the Efficiency of Perfect Meritocracy
Luca Beltrametti, Gabriele Cardullo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17514
Is Subjective Well-Being Insured Against Income Shocks? Evidence from 20-Year Panel Data in South Korea
Jiyeon Ahn, Taehyun Ahn, Seonghoon Kim
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17512
Inequity Aversion in Subjective Evaluations: Evidence from Referees' Decisions in Soccer
Leo Morabito, Vincenzo Scoppa
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17506
Altruistic Giving and Risk Taking in Human Affairs
Oded Stark, Lukasz Balbus
published online in: Social Choice and Welfare, 4 November 2024
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17458
How Business Income Measures Affect Income Inequality and the Tax Burden
Rolf Aaberge, Jorgen Heibo Modalsli, Marco Francesconi, Ola L. Vestad
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17384
Youngism: Discrimination and Stereotypes
Vojtech Bartos, Michal Bauer, Jana Cahlíková, Julie Chytilová
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17324
Wealth Creators or Inheritors? Unpacking the Gender Wealth Gap from Bottom to Top and Young to Old
Charlotte Bartels, Eva Sierminska, Carsten Schröder
published in: Economics Letters, 2025, 246, 111997
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17259
The Contribution of Employer Changes to Aggregate Wage Mobility
Nils Torben Hollandt, Steffen Müller
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17252
Elite Universities and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human and Social Capital
Andres Barrios-Fernandez, Christopher A. Neilson, Seth D. Zimmerman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17243
CEO Pay Disclosure and Within-Firm Wage Inequality
Agata Maida, Vincenzo Pezone
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17203
Inherited Inequality: A General Framework and a 'Beyond-Averages' Application to South Africa
Paolo Brunori, Francisco H. G. Ferreira, Pedro Salas-Rojo
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17201
Inequality Bands: Seventy-Five Years of Measuring Income Inequality in Latin America
Facundo Alvaredo, Francois Bourguignon, Francisco H. G. Ferreira, Nora Lustig
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17200
Population Growth and the Tragedy of the Commons: Can Trade Prevent Natural Resource and Welfare Collapse?
Maurice Schiff
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17180
The Meritocratic Illusion: Inequality and the Cognitive Basis of Redistribution
Arthur Blouin, Anandi Mani, Sharun Mukand, Daniel Sgroi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17171
"Should CEOs' Salaries Be Capped?" A Survey Experiment on Limitarian Preferences
João V. Ferreira, Stratos Ramoglou, Foivos Savva, Michael Vlassopoulos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17155
Inequality of Opportunity and Income Redistribution
Marcel Preuss, Germán Reyes, Jason Somerville, Joy Wu
forthcoming in: Journal of Political Economy Microeconomics
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17127
Effects of Parental Death on Labor Market Outcomes and Gender Inequalities
Mathias Fjællegaard Jensen, Ning Zhang
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17115
The #Metoo Movement and Judges' Gender Gap in Decisions
Xiqian Cai, Shuai Chen, Zhengquan Cheng
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17087
Do Beliefs in the Model Minority Stereotype Reduce Attention to Inequality That Adversely Affects Asian Americans?
Shuai Chen, Nattavudh Powdthavee, Juliane V. Wiese
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17010
The Modification of Social Space as a Tool for Lowering Social Stress
Oded Stark
published in: Economics & Human Biology. 2024, 53, 101349
IZA Discussion Paper No. 17002
The Merger of Populations as a Revision of Comparison Space: Repercussions for Social Stress and Income Inequality
Oded Stark, Wiktor Budzinski
published in: Economics Letters, 2024, 237, 111585
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16905
Gini Who? The Relationship between Inequality Perceptions and Life Satisfaction
Daniele Marchesi, Milena Nikolova, Viola Angelini
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16873
An Optimal Allocation of Asylum Seekers
Oded Stark, Grzegorz Kosiorowski
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 2024, 220, 1 - 11
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16865
The Missing Type: Where Are the Inequality Averse (Students)?
Thomas Epper, Julien Senn, Ernst Fehr
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16856
A Note on Sen's Representation of the Gini Coefficient: Revision and Repercussions
Oded Stark
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024, 22, 1061–1067
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16839
Talking Therapy: Impacts of a Nationwide Mental Health Service in England
Christian Krekel, Sorawoot Srisuma
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16825
Altruism, Human Capital and Environmental Preservation in a Globalized Economy
Stéphane Bouché, Leonor Modesto
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16820
The Gendered Nature of the Cost-of-Living Crisis in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Karina Doorley, Cathal O'Donoghue, Eugenio Peluso
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16803
Preferences over Relative Income within the Household
Johannes Hermle, Elena Herold, Nikolaus Hildebrand
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16794
Efficiency in Poverty Reduction: A State-Level Analysis for Bolivia
Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza, Alejandro Puerta-Cuartas, Javier Beverinotti
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16785
Parental Investments and Socio-Economic Gradients in Learning across European Countries
Pedro Carneiro, Hugo Reis, Alessandro Toppeta
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16769
Keeping Up with the Jansens: Causal Peer Effects on Household Spending, Beliefs and Happiness
Maarten van Rooij, Olivier Coibion, Dimitris Georgarakos, Bernardo Candia, Yuriy Gorodnichenko
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16742
The Economic Impact of Heritable Physical Traits: Hot Parents, Rich Kid?
Daniel S. Hamermesh, Anwen Zhang
published as 'Human beauty illustrates the economic impact of heritable physical traits' in: PNAS, 2025, 122 (6), e24184241
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16735
Social Security and Inequality in Belgium
Giulia Klinges, Alain Jousten, Mathieu Lefèbvre
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16699
The Mismeasurement of Work Time: Implications for Wage Discrimination and Inequality
George J. Borjas, Daniel S. Hamermesh
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16666
Measuring Income Inequality in Social Networks
Oded Stark, Jakub Bielawski, Fryderyk Falniowski
published in: Journal of Economic Inequality, 2024, 22 (2), 333–356
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16640
Who Is in Favor of Affirmative Action? Representative Evidence from an Experiment and a Survey
Sabrina Herzog, Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch, Chi Trieu, Jana Willrodt
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16629
Health Inequality and Health Insurance Coverage: The United States and China Compared
Joan Costa-Font, Frank A. Cowell, Xuezhu Shi
published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2024, 52, 101346
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16595
The Persistent Effect of Competition on Prosociality
Fabian Kosse, Ranjita Rajan, Michela M. Tincani
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16582
When Fairness Matters: Cross-Race Responses to Intentionally Fair Treatment
Matthew Harvey, David Nickerson, Abigail Wozniak
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16573
Can Altruism Lead to a Willingness to Take Risks?
Oded Stark
published in: Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 2024, 48 (2), 272-278
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16561
Utilitarianism Is Implied by Social and Individual Dominance
Johan E. Gustafsson, Dean Spears, Stéphane Zuber
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16535
The Fundamental Properties, Stability and Predictive Power of Distributional Preferences
Ernst Fehr, Thomas Epper, Julien Senn
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16520
On the Origins of Socio-Economic Inequalities: Evidence from Twin Families
Paul Bingley, Lorenzo Cappellari, Konstantinos Tatsiramos
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16505
Do Wind Turbines Have Adverse Health Impacts?
Christian Krekel, Johannes Rode, Alexander Roth
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16488
Inequality of Opportunity in Wealth: Levels, Trends, and Drivers
Daniel Graeber, Viola Hilbert, Johannes König
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16465
Economic Mobility and Fairness in a Developing Country: Evidence from Peru
Juan Francisco Castro, Gustavo Yamada, Santiago Medina, Joaquin Armas
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16464
Fairness and Inequality in Institution Formation
Julian Detemple, Michael Kosfeld
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16459
The Parenthood Penalty in Mental Health: Evidence from Austria and Denmark
Alexander Ahammer, Ulrich Glogowsky, Martin Halla, Timo Hener
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16422
Is There a 'New Consensus' on Inequality?
Francisco H. G. Ferreira
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16338
Dark versus Light Personality Types and Moral Choice
David L. Dickinson
forthcoming in: European Economic Review
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16308
Back to Edgeworth? Estimating the Value of Time Using Hedonic Experiences
Christian Krekel, George MacKerron
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16290
Are the Upwardly-Mobile More Left-Wing?
Andrew E. Clark, Maria Cotofan
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16264
Covid-19 and Income Inequality in OECD Countries: A Methodological Comment
Oded Stark
published in: European Journal of Health Economics, 2023, 24, 1235–1237
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16210
Roots of Inequality
Oded Galor, Marc Klemp, Daniel Crisóstomo Wainstock
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16205
A Behaviorally-Validated Warm Glow Questionnaire
Jeffrey P. Carpenter, Alex Lyford, Mingfang Zhang
published in: Journal of the Economic Sciene Association, 2024, 10, 310–329
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16191
We Already Live in a Degrowth World, and We Do Not like It
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16179
When Fairness Is Not Enough: The Disproportionate Contributions of the Poor in a Collective Action Problem
Eugene Malthouse, Charlie Pilgrim, Thomas Hills, Daniel Sgroi
published in: Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2023, 152 (11), 3229–3242
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16151
Free to Fail? Paternalistic Preferences in the United States
Björn Bartling, Alexander W. Cappelen, Henning Hermes, Marit Skivenes, Bertil Tungodden
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16142
Donations and Unpaid Activities
Olaf Hübler
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16141
Information Nudges, Subsidies, and Crowding Out of Attention: Field Evidence from Energy Efficiency Investments
Matthias Rodemeier, Andreas Löschel
published online in: Journal of the European Economic Association, jvae058, 21 January 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16139
Melancholy Hues: The Futility of Green Growth and Degrowth, and the Inevitability of Societal Collapse
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16130
On a Tendency in Health Economics to Dwell on Income Inequality and Underestimate Social Stress
Oded Stark
published in: Economics & Human Biology, 2023, 49, 101232
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16107
Minimum Wage and Tolerance for High Incomes
Andrea Fazio, Tommaso G. Reggiani
published in: European Economic Review, 2023, 155, 104445
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16076
Correcting Racial Injustice: Forensic DNA Technology and the Exoneration of the Wrongfully Convicted
Rocco d'Este, Noam Yuchtman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16046
Social Media Charity Campaigns and Pro-social Behaviour. Evidence from the Ice Bucket Challenge
Andrea Fazio, Tommaso G. Reggiani, Francesco Scervini
revised version published in: Journal of Economic Psychology, 2023, 96, 102624
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15997
Robots and Workers: Evidence from the Netherlands
Daron Acemoglu, Hans R.A. Koster, Ceren Ozgen
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15939
Willingness to Pay for Carbon Mitigation: Field Evidence from the Market for Carbon Offsets
Matthias Rodemeier
This version: March 2024.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15924
Extraterrestrial Artificial Intelligence: The Final Existential Risk?
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15923
A Pure Theory of Population Distribution When Preferences Are Ordinal
Holger Stark, Grzegorz Kosiorowski
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15922
Understanding the Distributional Impacts of Increases in Fuel Prices on Poverty and Inequality in Paraguay
Gustavo J. Canavire Bacarreza, Lyliana Gayoso de Ervin, Juan José Galeano, Juan Pablo Baquero
published in: Revista Latinoamericana de Desarrollo Económico, 2023, 21 (39), 77 - 108
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15914
Decomposition of the Changes in Household Disposable Income Distribution in China
Chen Gong, Denisa Maria Sologon, Zina Nimeh, Cathal O'Donoghue
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15904
Explaining Happiness Trends in Europe
Richard A. Easterlin, Kelsey J. O'Connor
published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022, 119 (37), e2210639119.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15813
Dishonesty as a Collective-Risk Social Dilemma
Shuguang Jiang, Marie Claire Villeval
revised version published in: Economic Inquiry, 2024, 62, 223–241.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15778
Counting Missing Women – A Reconciliation of the 'Flow Measure' and the 'Stock Measure'
Cara Ebert, Stephan Klasen, Sebastian Vollmer
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15771
Promoting Equity through Equitable Risk Tradeoffs
Thomas J. Kniesner, W. Kip Viscusi
published in: Journal of Benefit Cost Analysis, 2023, 14 (1), 8-34
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15743
The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply
Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset, Supreet Kaur
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15738
Welfare and Distributional Impact of Soaring Prices in Europe
Denisa Maria Sologon, Cathal O'Donoghue, Jules Linden, Iryna Kyzyma, Jason Loughrey
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15718
Hate in the Time of COVID-19: Racial Crimes against East Asians
Joel Carr, Jonathan James, Joanna Clifton-Sprigg, Suncica Vujic
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15713
The Future Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Mythical Agents, a Singleton and the Dark Forest
Wim Naudé
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15702
Occupational Tasks and Wage Inequality in Germany: A Decomposition Analysis
Miriam Koomen, Uschi Backes-Gellner
published in: Labour Economics, 2022, 79, 102284
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15673
Income Misperception and Populism
Thilo N. H. Albers, Felix Kersting, Fabian Kosse
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15669
A Measure of Well-Being Efficiency Based on the World Happiness Report
Francesco Sarracino, Kelsey J. O'Connor
published in: International Productivity Monitor, 2022, 43, 10-40.
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15590
Measuring Socially Appropriate Social Preferences
Jeffrey P. Carpenter, Andrea Robbett
published in: Games and Economic Behavior 2024, 147, 517 - 532
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15584
Choosing or Inheriting the Joneses: The Origins of Reference Groups
Martin Leites, Camila Paleo, Xavier Ramos, Gonzalo Salas
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15576
It Hurts to Ask
Roland Benabou, Ania Jaroszewicz, George Loewenstein
published in: European Economic Review, 2025,171, 104911
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15573
Three Criteria for Evaluating Social Programs
Jorge Luis García, James J. Heckman
published in: Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, 2022, 13 (3), 281 - 286
IZA Discussion Paper No. 15569
The Anti-Corruption Campaign and the Inter-Generational Transmission of Working in Bureaucracy: Evidence from China
Shuai Chen, Erqi Ge
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