The IZA Discussion Paper Series (ISSN: 2365-9793) disseminates high-quality research by IZA network members to the scientific community and the interested public worldwide before they are later published in academic journals. Comprising more than 17,000 papers, IZA's publication flagship is the most influential working paper series in labor economics.

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2,731 IZA Discussion Papers
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16958
Geographic Inequalities in Accessibility of Essential Services
Vanda Almeida, Claire Hoffmann, Sebastian Königs, Ana Isabel Moreno-Monroy, Mauricio Salazar-Lozada, Javier Terrero-Dávila
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16957
Does Vocational Education Pay off in China? Evidence from City-Level Education Supply Shocks
Li Dai, Pedro S. Martins
published in: Economic Modelling, 2024, 140, 106863
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16956
Public and Parental Investments, and Children's Skill Formation
Miriam Gensowski, Rasmus Landersø, Philip Dale, Anders Hojen, Laura Justice, Dorthe Bleses
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16946
The Rate of Return to Early Childhood Education in Japan: Estimates from the Nationwide Expansion
Hideo Akabayashi, Ryuichi Tanaka
published in: Education Economics, 2024, 32 (5), 581-598
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16945
Students' Grit and Their Post-compulsory Educational Choices and Trajectories: Evidence from Switzerland
Janine Albiez, Maurizio Strazzeri, Stefan C. Wolter
published online in: , 16 September 2025
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16943
Loopholes and the Incidence of Public Services: Evidence from Funding Career & Technical Education
Thomas Goldring, Brian A. Jacob, Daniel Kreisman, Michael D. Ricks
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16937
Game Changer: Impact of a Reading Intervention on Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills
Micole De Vera, Javier Garcia-Brazales, Luz Rello
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16933
Religiosity and Crime: Evidence from a City-Wide Shock
Wang-Sheng Lee, Umair Khalil, David W. Johnston
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16931
Keeping It in the Family: Student to Degree Match
Richard J. Murphy, Pedro Luís Silva
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16928
Disparate Pathways: Understanding Racial Disparities in Teaching
David Blazar, Max Anthenelli, Wenjing Gao, Ramon Goings, Seth Gershenson
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16920
A Neglected Determinant of Eating Behaviors: Relative Age
Luca Fumarco, Sven A. Hartmann, Francesco Principe
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16918
Gender Differences in Graduate Degree Choices
Judith M. Delaney, Paul J. Devereux
published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2025, 230, 106882
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16915
Application Barriers and the Socioeconomic Gap in Child Care Enrollment
Henning Hermes, Philipp Lergetporer, Frauke Peter, Simon Wiederhold
published in: Journal of the European Economic Association, 2025, 23 (3), 1133 -1172
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16909
Food Coma Is Real: The Effect of Digestive Fatigue on Adolescents' Cognitive Performance
Justine Hervé, Subha Mani, Jere R. Behrman, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Arindam Nandi
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16907
Well-Being throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: Gendered Effects of Daycare and School Closures
Mathias Huebener, Sevrin Waights, C. Katharina Spieß
published in: K. Couch (ed.), Handbook of Inequality and COVID-19, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2025, 183 - 197
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16901
Parental and School Responses to Student Performance: Evidence from School Entry Rules
Peter Fredriksson, Björn Öckert, Lucas Tilley
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16899
The Extent and Consequences of Teacher Biases against Immigrants
Ellen Sahlström, Mikko Silliman
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16866
Artificial Intelligence Capital and Employment Prospects
Nick Drydakis
published in: Oxford Economic Papers, 2024, 76 (4), 901–919,
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16864
Schooling and Self-Control
Deborah A. Cobb-Clark, Sarah C. Dahmann, Daniel A. Kamhöfer, Hannah Schildberg-Hörisch
IZA Discussion Paper No. 16863
Still Waters Run Deep: Groundwater Contamination and Education Outcomes in India
Khushboo Aggarwal, Rashmi Barua, Marian Vidal-Fernandez
published in: Economics of Education Review, 2024, 100, 102525
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